Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan (ID: 1588)

Project last modified by clasch on February 11, 2011. Project Created By: The Nature Conservancy.

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Viability
Threats
Viability Assessment
Action Plan
Strategy Effectiveness
Indicators

Project Info

Contact Name:
Shadrack Kamenya

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Contact Organization:
Jane Goodall Institute (JGI-TZ)

Project Start Date:
July 01, 2010

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Project Type:

Multi-Place Based Project

Operational Unit(s):

Africa Program

Ecoregion(s):

Lake Rukwa
Malagarasi - Moyowosi
Lake Tanganyika
Central Zambezian Miombo Woodlands
Zambezian Flooded Grasslands

Country(ies):

Tanzania, United Republic of

Project Description:
Chimpanzees have been listed on IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species for over three decades, and have been recognised as an endangered species since 1996 due to their declining populations across Africa (IUCN, 2010). Tanzania represents the easternmost limit of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) habitat in Africa and it also represents the country with the longest studies of chimpanzees in the wild and two of the longest continuous studies of any group of animals in the world. Dr. Jane Goodall pioneered the first studies of the chimpanzee in the wild at Gombe in 1960 (Goodall, 1986; Collins and McGrew, 1988), and several Japanese researchers began exploring the region south of Kigoma under the Kyoto University Africa Primatological Expedition in 1961 (Nishida, 1990; Moore, 1992). However, in spite of decades of research and conservation efforts within protected areas, current research has revealed that at least 75% of Tanzanian chimpanzees, estimated at 2800 chimpanzees (Plumptre et al. 2006) live outside of protected areas.
As a signatory to the International Convention on Biodiversity (ratified in 1996), Tanzania has declared its commitment to conserving its biodiversity and particularly threatened species. In the case of chimpanzees, as a range state member of the Great Apes Survival Plan partnership and a signatory to the Kinshasa Declaration on Great Apes, Tanzania is committed to developing and adopting a National Great Apes Survival Plan focused on the species.
While the conservation needs of chimpanzees have been assessed in studies and conservation plans for the Greater Gombe Ecosystem (2009), the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem (2009), Greater Mahale Ecosystem (2008), and the Southern Tanganyika Area (2010), there is still no comprehensive strategy in place to ensure the conservation of this important species throughout their Tanzanian range.
Recognising this need, the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) organised the planning process described in this workshop report. The planning process was jointly promoted by the Wildlife Division of Tanzania's Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (WD-MNRT), the Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), The Nature Conservancy (TNC), IUCN's Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG), the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), and the Frankfurt Zoological Society (FZS). A core planning team was formed by the afore-mentioned institutions to provide financial and human resources, help access updated information, and in general ensure the necessary guidance in order for the process to achieve the desired objectives. A grant from the US Fish & Widlife Service's Great Ape Conservation Fund has made this meeting and the completion of the Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan possible.
This planning process represents a collective effort to develop a comprehensive nationwide blueprint for chimpanzee conservation that can be formally adopted and administered by the Tanzanian government, while also acting as a guide for the conservation efforts of researchers and non-governmental organizations interested in chimpanzee welfare.

Site/Scope Description:
The geographic scope of this planning process was established by considering the known historic and current range (within and between green polygons on the map) and predicted potential distribution of chimpanzees in Tanzania. This includes the entire western Tanzania along the eastern shoreline of Lake Tanganyika from Zambia to Burundi and approximately 200 km inland form the lakeshore.
To build on existing conservation efforts (i.e. institutional focus, areas defined by previous planning efforts, etc.) the following four regions were recognised as distinct sub-units. These were used to review and update information which was then "rolled-up" to identify critical issues within a national perspective:
• Greater Gombe Ecosystem (GGE)
• Masito Ugalla Ecosystem (MUE)
• Greater Mahale Ecosystem (GME)
• Southern Tanganyika (ST)

Project Goal Comment:
Chimpanzee populations in Tanzania are thriving and they and their habitats are being effectively conserved by communities, government, NGOs and researchers working together to guarantee chimpanzee long-term survival as a unique endowment of Tanzania's current and future generations.

Team Info:
Full Team Compliment:
Alex Lobora; Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute - Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (TAWIRI); Team Member
Charles M. Masunzu; Wildlife Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (WD); Team Member
Cristina Lasch; The Nature Conservancy (TNC); Team Member, Process Facilitator
Elizabeth Gray; The Nature Conservancy (TNC); Team Member, Process Facilitator
Kathryn Doody; Frankfurt Zoological Society (FZS); Team Member
Kathy Traylor-Holzer; Conservation Breeding Specialist Group - Species Survival Commission of the IUCN (CBSG); Team Member, Project Advisor
Lilian Pintea; Jane Goodall Institute (JGI-USA); Team Member, Leader/Manager
Matthew Brown; The Nature Conservancy; Team Member
Robert Sassor; US Forest Service; Team Member
Shadrack Kamenya; Jane Goodall Institute (JGI-TZ); Team Member, Leader/Manager
Sood Ndimuligo; Jane Goodall Institute (JGI-TZ); Team Member
Tim R.B. Davenport; Wildlife Conservation Society; Team Member

Objectives

Name
CA1 : Agriculture outside designated areas is reduced to XXX, by 2015. : (Threat)
CHAR1 : By 2020, charcoal production has stopped in chimpanzee habitat. : (Threat)
CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem ) (more info) Comment: Note: "demographically viable" refers to a population which is predicted to increase in population size over time
CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem) (more info) Comment: Estimated population from 2007 is 700-940 chimps
CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)
CHIMP4 : Southern Lake Tanganyika Chimp Goal : By 2060, have a stable or increasing (viable) population of at least 100 chimpanzees in the Southern Lake Tanganyika area. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area)
DIS1 : By 2020, no "epidemic" due to preventable infectious disease is observed (epidemic defined as > 20% of population dying in a given region due to the same disease outbreak within one year). : (Threat) (more info) Comment: Preventable means diseases that could be prevented in principle through an available/existing health intervention. To reduce the risk of e.g. measles, we could help ensure all the children in surrounding villages are vaccinated, or to reduce the risk of scabies we could increase hygiene standards of local communities. Capabilities will be critical to determining deaths due to disease especially 'preventable' disease. This objective does not address epidemics due to other sources of disease (including SIV or periodically circulating respiratory infection) for which interventions other than the ones outlined may be needed.
DIS2 : By 2013, appropriate guidelines for great ape tourism and disease prevention and control are adopted and implemented by the Tanzanian government. (more info) Comment: Ideally these guidelines should incorporate the best available information, and IUCN's guidelines provide a very useful basis.
DIS3 : By 2013, TANAPA, TAWIRI and the Ministry of Health work in partnership to implement the guidelines for disease control and tourism.
DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.
DIS5 : By 2014, the implementation of guidelines at the community level is actively promoted and monitored by Community and district health committees, Roots & Shoots in some areas (a JGI program operating internationally) , Tacare/GGE (JGI), WCS, and others.
DIS6 : By 2012, the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas follows regulations that consider risks to chimpanzee wellbeing and establish habituation criteria and protocols.
FIRE1 : By 2020, the percent of evergreen forests in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 2 percent of the total area of forests. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for riverine forests is that only 1-2 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year. (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)
FIRE2 : By 2030, the percent of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 20 percent of the total area of the mosaic. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for miombo woodland-grassland mosaic is that only 20 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year (high intensity, rapid fire which does not go into the crown). (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)
FIRE3 : By 2015, fire-fighting crews are trained in 30 villages.
FIRE5 : By May 2011, fire awareness campaign conducted in 30 villages. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)
FIRE6 : By December 2010, fire awareness strategies, messages and materials developed.
GL1 : By 2011, a report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure has been completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land and identifying key areas for protection.
GL2 : By 2015, all chimpanzee habitat, including corridors, that is currently in General Land has an appropriate protected area status and a management plan that is implemented.
ILUP1 : By 2011, key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land have been identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans.
ILUP2 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote participatory land use plan development in critical areas, and in subsequent years funding continues to address ILUP in all key villages.
ILUP4 : By 2015 all villages that have chimpanzee habitat or corridors on their land develop Land-use Plans that designate critical habitat as interconnected village forest reserves
ILUP5 : By 2015, the legal framework for land use planning and village bylaws exist to support LUP implementation in all priority villages which hold land within chimp habitat.
ILUP6 : By 2015, community based conservation organisations actively participate in land management through joint management with authorities of forest and wildlife resources. This includes participation in planning, education, fire control and monitoring efforts, among others.
MDG-4A&6C : By 2015, the most relevant human infectious diseases (respiratory infections, diarrhoea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, polio, etc.) in communities living in chimp habitat are below national average. This goal will contribute to MDG Target 4A:Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate; and also MDG Target 6C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.
NCAC1 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote activities established in the awareness campaign, and in subsequent years funds are secured to carry out priorities.
NCAC2 : By 2011, a report has been produced to determine what benefits are derived from reserves by local communities near chimp habitat.
NCAC3 : By 2011, the majority of National leaders and communities are aware of the importance of reserves and the importance of protecting chimpanzees also on General Land and on Village Land.
NCAC4 : By 2015, 75% of Tanzania's population is aware of the presence, importance and legal status of chimpanzees, and the majority of people living in chimp habitat feel proud about protecting chimps, and see the benefits that chimp protection brings to human welfare.
NCAC5/FIRE4 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the threat fire poses for natural resources.
NCAC6 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the risk of contagious disease to human and chimp welfare, and know about prevention techniques.
PAME1 : By 2015, all protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks within chimpanzee habitat have updated management plans which contribute to the efefctive management of chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors.
PAME2 : By 2011, funding has been secured to start developing management plans in priority protected areas, and in subsequent years funding is secured to promote management plan updates and ensure implementation of basic operations.
PAME3 : By 2015, all protected areas within chimpanzee habitat have the basic infrastructure to facilitate on-siet work, and sufficient and adequately trained and equipped staff exist to carry out priority management activities.
PAME4 : By 2015, chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors are effectively managed in existing protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks.
S&ID1 : By 2015, all development of infrastructure in chimpanzee habitat is compatible with conservation of chimpanzees and environmental services, and no more than 5% of chimpanzee habitat (based on 2010 habitat extension) is converted to infrastructure. : (Threat)
S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Targets

Focal Conservation Target	Target Type	Habitat Type
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	-	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	-	-
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	-	-
Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	-	-

Threats

Threat (Common Taxonomy) ^*	Targets Threatened
Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land (Agriculture & Aquaculture :: Annual & Perennial Non-Timber Crops )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities (Invasive & Other Problematic Species & Genes :: Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Incompatible charcoal production (Biological Resource Use :: Gathering Terrestrial Plants )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Incompatible human-ignited fires (Natural System Modifications :: Fire & Fire Suppression )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure (Residential & Commercial Development :: Housing & Urban Areas )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber (Biological Resource Use :: Logging & Wood Harvesting )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Lack of conservation and land-use planning, and inadequate implementation of appropriate land-use plans (Undefined :: Undefined )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Deliberate killing by humans / poaching (including incidental killing due to snares) (Biological Resource Use :: Hunting & Collecting Terrestrial Animals )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Unorganized livestock keeping and overgrazing (Agriculture & Aquaculture :: Livestock Farming & Ranching )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Pathogens introduced to chimps by humans (Invasive & Other Problematic Species & Genes :: Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Natural pathogen balance altered and potentially increased pathogen transmission from other wild animals to chimps (Invasive & Other Problematic Species & Genes :: Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
Change in food availability/diet reducing ability to ward off infections (Undefined :: Undefined )	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem

^* For information on the common taxonomy of threats, see http://conservationmeasures.org/CMP/IUCN/.

Strategies

Strategy (Common Taxonomy)	Threats Addressed
ACI 1 : Alt Income on PA - Support alternative and compatible income generating activities : Who:TAWIRI (lead), FZS, JGI, TNC When: FY10-FY15 ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
AE 1 : Promote alternative energy sources ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
COM - EMP 1 : Strengthen capacities of community based conservation organisations ( External Capacity Building :: Alliance & Partnership Development )	-
DCON 1 : Promote the endorsement and adoption of appropriate guidelines for disease control and tourism in Tanzania (based on IUCN's guidelines) ( Law & Policy :: Policies & Regulations )	Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities
DCON 2 : Promote the regulation of chimp habituation practices outside of protected areas ( Law & Policy :: Policies & Regulations )	-
DCON 3 : Promote the effective collaboration of the MOH, MNRT, TAWIRI, TANAPA to intensify health activities in critical areas where contact between humans and chimps is more likely ( External Capacity Building :: Alliance & Partnership Development ) (more info) Comment:: Critical areas for example could be in communities in chimp habitat, for refugees, etc. The disease risk will vary for chimpanzees inside versus outside national parks/protected areas and for habituated versus non-habituated chimpanzees. Additionally, the relative numbers of various groups of people entering the parks/having close contact with the chimpanzees will vary from conservation area to conservation area. If the communities see positive results for themselves in terms of more attention and better health care, this will also contribute to the health of the chimpanzees. That is, improved health education focussed on hygiene and respiratory infections (key human health issues that also affect great ape health including chimpanzees) will be better for both local communities and chimpanzees alike. SIV and respiratory infections are the most prevalent diseases. Other infectious diseases (e.g. polio) have been documented. Where SIV is a health issue, improving human health may reduce the risk of some associated co-morbidity. The Ministry of Health has worked hard to address health issues in the country, one of the leading examples in Africa. Infections however continue to be introduced and spread from neighbouring countries - Could this strategy help the MOH intensify its ongoing efforts in vaccination campaigns? One way to help would be to provide capacity building for health data collection in the surrounding districts of the 4 conservation areas.	-
Fire : Promote awareness about the negative effects of fire on natural resources including water, and the importance of controlling fires and burning early ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	-
ILUP 1 : Settlement - Promote integrated land use planning and integrated land management with villages in chimpanzee habitat areas (Western Tanzania) : Actors: FZS, WCS, Mahale N.P., CL, TAWIRI, JGI, DC, TNC, MOL ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	Incompatible charcoal production Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure Incompatible human-ignited fires
NCAC 1 : Promote health awareness and education through a "National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign" linking chimpanzee and human welfare, especially where contact between humans and chimps is more likely. ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land Deliberate killing by humans / poaching (including incidental killing due to snares) Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities Incompatible charcoal production Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber Incompatible human-ignited fires Lack of conservation and land-use planning, and inadequate implementation of appropriate land-use plans
PA - GL 1 : Promote the establishment and effective management of protected areas in priority chimpanzee habitat under central government control. Seeking the highest possible economic benefit to local communities, while conserving chimpanzee populations. : General land under central government control Who: TANAPA, TAWIRI, FBD, FZS, WCS, JGI, TNC, WD, UPP, DC When: FY10-FY15 ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	Incompatible charcoal production Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure Incompatible human-ignited fires
PA - ME 1 : Promote protected area management effectiveness in chimpanzee habitat (Western Tanzania) : Who: WD,TANAPA, DC, FBD, TAWIRI, FZS, WCS, USFS, JGI, TNC When: FY10-FY15 ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	Incompatible charcoal production Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure Incompatible human-ignited fires

Viability Summary

Conservation Targets		Landscape Context		Condition		Size		Viability Rank
Conservation Targets		Grade	Weight	Grade	Weight	Grade	Weight	Viability Rank
1	Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Good	1.0	Poor	1.0	Fair	1.0	Fair
2	Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Fair	1.0	Good	1.0	Good	1.0	Good
3	Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Fair	1.0	Good	1.0	Good	1.0	Good
4	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	Fair	1.0	-	1.0	Fair	1.0	Fair
Project Biodiversity Health Rank								Good

Note:

Threat Summary

Project-specific Threats (Common Taxonomy *)	Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	Overall Threat Rank
Conversion of chimp habitat into food crops and agricultural land (Annual & Perennial Non-Timber Crops)	Medium	High	Very High	Very High	Very High
Disease due to pathogens introduced by humans and human activities (Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species)	High	High	Low	Low	High
Incompatible charcoal production (Gathering Terrestrial Plants)	Medium	Medium	Low	Very High	High
Incompatible human-ignited fires (Fire & Fire Suppression)	High	High	High	High	High
Incompatible development and expansion of settlements and infrastructure (Housing & Urban Areas)	High	High	Medium	-	High
Incompatible extraction of firewood and logging for timber (Logging & Wood Harvesting)	High	Medium	Low	High	High
Lack of conservation and land-use planning, and inadequate implementation of appropriate land-use plans (Undefined)	High	-	-	Medium	Medium
Deliberate killing by humans / poaching (including incidental killing due to snares) (Hunting & Collecting Terrestrial Animals)	High	Medium	Medium	Low	Medium
Unorganized livestock keeping and overgrazing (Livestock Farming & Ranching)	-	-	Medium	Low	Low
Pathogens introduced to chimps by humans (Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species)	-	-	-	-	-
Natural pathogen balance altered and potentially increased pathogen transmission from other wild animals to chimps (Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species)	-	-	-	-	-
Change in food availability/diet reducing ability to ward off infections (Undefined)	-	-	-	-	-
Threat Status for Targets and Project	Very High	High	High	Very High	Very High

Assessment of Target Viability

Conservation Target	Key Attribute (Category)	Indicator	Current Indicator Measurement	Rating Comments: (Poor, Fair Good Very Good)	Current Rating and Date	Desired Rating and Date
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kalande chimp community structure and dynamics (Condition)	Number of adult males Kalande	1	Poor: 0-2 Fair: 3-5 Good: 6-10 Very Good: >10	Poor Mar 15, 2009	Fair Apr 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kalande chimp community structure and dynamics (Condition)	Number of reproducing females Kalande	4	Poor: 0-3 Fair: 4-6 Good: 7-10 Very Good: >10	Fair Jun 15, 2006	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kasekela chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of adult males Kasekela	14	Poor: 1-2 Fair: 3-5 Good: 6-10 Very Good: >10	- Mar 15, 2009	Good Mar 15, 2039
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kasekela chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of reproducing females kasekela	26	Poor: 0-3 Fair: 4-6 Good: 7-10 Very Good: >10	Very Good Mar 15, 2009	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kwitanga chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of adult males Kwitanga	5-8	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 15, 2008	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Kwitanga chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of reproducing females Kwitanga	7-10	Poor: <8 Fair: 8-10 Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 15, 2008	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Mitumba chimp community structure and dynamics (Condition)	Number of adult males Mitumba	2	Poor: 0-2 Fair: 3-5 Good: 6-10 Very Good: >10	Poor Mar 15, 2009	Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Mitumba chimp community structure and dynamics (Condition)	Number of reproducing females Mitumba	9	Poor: 0-3 Fair: 4-6 Good: 7-10 Very Good: >10	Good Mar 15, 2009	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Zashe chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of adult males Zashe	0-3	Poor: 0-2 Fair: 3-5 Good: 6-10 Very Good: >10	Poor Aug 15, 2007	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Zashe chimp community structure and dynamic (Condition)	Number of reproducing females Zashe	0-4	Poor: 0-3 Fair: 4-6 Good: 7-10 Very Good: >10	Poor Aug 15, 2007	Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) for chimp metapopulation	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: Acceptable range TBD by 2009 PVA Very Good: -	-	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community	212 ha	Poor: <200 ha Fair: 200-250 ha Good: 250-350 ha Very Good: >350 ha	Fair Apr 15, 2008	Very Good Apr 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community	700 ha	Poor: < 500 ha Fair: 500-650 ha Good: 650-875 ha Very Good: >875	Good Jun 15, 2005	Good Apr 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community	677 ha	Poor: <300 ha Fair: 300-400 ha Good: 450-600 ha Very Good: > 600 ha	Very Good Mar 15, 2006	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community	1730 ha	Poor: <750 ha Fair: 750-1125 ha Good: 1125-1500 Very Good: >1500	Very Good Jun 15, 2006	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community	65 ha	Poor: <200 ha Fair: 200-250 ha Good: 250-350 ha Very Good: >350 ha	Poor Jun 15, 2005	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community	884 ha	Poor: < 1000 ha Fair: 1000-1300 ha Good: 1300-1700 ha Very Good: > 1750	Poor Jun 15, 2006	Good Jun 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community	132 ha	Poor: - Fair: >120 ha Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 15, 2008	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community	2104 ha	Poor: - Fair: - Good: >2100 ha Very Good: -	Good Jan 15, 2008	Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community	300 ha	Poor: <75 ha Fair: 75-120 ha Good: 120-150 ha Very Good: >150 ha	Very Good Mar 15, 2008	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Range habitat availability (Landscape Context)	Range size (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community	7012 ha	Poor: < 1000 ha Fair: 1000-1300 ha Good: 1300-1700 ha Very Good: > 1750	Very Good Jan 15, 2008	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	New females observed in either the Zashe or Mitumba chimpanzee community (presumed to have used the rift landscape)	0	Poor: 1 every 12 years or less Fair: 1 every 8-11 years Good: 1 every 4-7 years Very Good: 1 every 2-3 years	Poor Apr 15, 2008	Fair Apr 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Number of females of reproductive age who transfer across the Kwitanga corridor ¹	0	Poor: 1 every 8+ years Fair: 1 every 4-7 years Good: 1 every 2-3 years Very Good: 1+ every year	Poor Apr 15, 2008	- Apr 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Number of sub-populations rated "Good" or "Very Good"	1	Poor: 1 Fair: 2 Good: 3-4 Very Good: >4	Poor Apr 15, 2008	Fair Apr 15, 2008
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps in metapopulation	-	Poor: <100 Fair: 100-175 Good: 175-250 Very Good: >250	Fair Jan 19, 2010	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps within Mitumba community	25	Poor: <21 Fair: 21-25 Good: 26-30 Very Good: >30	Fair May 15, 2009	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps within Kasekela community	65	Poor: <30 Fair: 30-45 Good: 45-60 Very Good: >60	Very Good Mar 15, 2009	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps within Kalande community	9	Poor: <10 Fair: 10-15 Good: 16-20 Very Good: >20	Poor Mar 15, 2009	Very Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps within Kwitanga community	15	Poor: <20 Fair: >20 Good: - Very Good: -	Poor ²	Fair Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Total number of chimps within Zasha community	10-15	Poor: - Fair: <20 Good: 40-50 Very Good: >50	Poor Mar 15, 2009	Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Number of reproducing females for the metapopulation	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 19, 2010	Good Mar 15, 2038
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Habitat quality (Condition)	Index for rating of species availability	-	Poor: Index value X Fair: Index value X Good: Index value X Very Good: Index value X	Good Jan 19, 2010	Good Apr 14, 2008
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Population dynamics (Condition)	population dynamics	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Good Jan 19, 2010	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Area of suitable chimp habitat (Landscape Context)	Number of hectares of woodland/riverine forest	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 19, 2010	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Area of suitable chimp habitat (Landscape Context)	Number of hectares of evergreen forest	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Good Jan 19, 2010	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Forest connectivity (Landscape Context)	Distance between vegetation patches	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 19, 2010	-
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Forest connectivity (Landscape Context)	Signs of usage (nests, footprints, food remains)	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 19, 2010	Good
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Forest connectivity (Landscape Context)	Proportion of subpopulations that are linked by chimp habitat	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair Jan 19, 2010	Good
Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem	Population size ³ (Size)	Trends in population size (per community and as a whole)	-	Poor: Meta and Sub Populations declining rapidly i.e. more than X % per year Fair: Meta population viable sub populations delining slowly by x % per year Good: Meta and sub populations stable and viable Very Good: Meta and sub populations increasing	Good Jan 19, 2010	Good Jan 19, 2009
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Habitat quality and quantity/size (Condition)	DBH	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Good ⁴ Jan 19, 2010	Good
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Habitat quality and quantity/size (Condition)	Number of hectares of forest	≈ 5,000 km2	Poor: <500 km2 Fair: 500-2,500 km2 Good: 2,500-5,000 km2 Very Good: >5,000 km2	Good Mar 14, 2007	-
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Fire regime (Landscape Context)	Frequency of fire occurrences	-	Poor: >80% of the ecosystem burns per year Fair: 40-80% of the ecosystem burns per year Good: 20-40% of the ecosystem burns per year Very Good: <20% of the ecosystem burns per year	Fair ⁵ Jan 19, 2010	Good Mar 14, 2020
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Forest Connectivity (Landscape Context)	Width of chimpanzee corridor	-	Poor: <1,000 m Fair: 1,000-1,500 m Good: 1,500-2,000 m Very Good: >2,000 m	Fair Mar 14, 2007	Good Mar 14, 2025
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Forest Connectivity (Landscape Context)	status of forest (under protection or not)	-	Poor: Not yet agreed under any protection or land use planning status Fair: Drafted for protection or land use planning status Good: Agreed for protection or inclusion in land use plan, but not implemented Very Good: Agreed for protection or inclusion in land use plan, and implemented	Fair Jan 19, 2010	Very Good Mar 14, 2012
Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem	Population size and dynamics (Size)	Number of chimpanzees	-	Poor: <200 Fair: 200-600 Good: 700-1000 Very Good: >1000	Good ⁶ Jan 19, 2010	Very Good Jan 1, 2020
Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	Appropriate habitat presence (Landscape Context)	Habitat loss (hectares of appropriate habitat which have been lost)	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: - Very Good: -	Fair	-
Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	Habitat connectivity (Landscape Context)	Recent Chimp nest presence within corridor in North-South Mwene	-	Poor: - Fair: - Good: Within 2 weeks Very Good: -	Fair ⁷	-
Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area	Population size (Size)	Trends in population size	60 - 80	Poor: - Fair: 50-100 Good: >100 Very Good: -	Fair ⁸ Jan 19, 2010	Fair Mar 15, 2060

COMMENTS:

¹ To define the ranges after consultation with chimp specialists.

² This number is the mean of the Kwitanga chimpanzee community as estimated by Sood Ndimuligo during the preperation of his Masters Thesis. (Ndimuligo, Sood. 2007. Personal communication. Kigoma, Tanzania. )

³ Large protected populations such as those in Mahale are likely to remain large and healthy if there is little to no poaching or snaring threat, no substantial habitat loss, and no large risk of disease or other sources of significant mortality (such as high levels of infanticide or intra-specific aggression); however, even large populations are likely to decline if chimpanzees are continually lost (either directly or due to habitat loss) due to human pressures (PVA Tanzania Chimpanzee Report, 2010). Full Population Viability Analysis Report for Chimpanzees in Tanzania, written by Kathy Traylor-Holzer, IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group can be found in APPENDIX 5 of the following report: JGI, TNC, CBSG, FZS, WCS, WD-MNRT, TAWIRI and USFWS. 2010. Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Planning Workshop Report. Jane Goodall Institute.

⁴ From 2007 CAP suggested measurements focussed on circumference, but during the 2010 workshop it was recommended to change the indicator to DBH. Previous ranges for circumference were: <50 cm poor; 50-70 cm fair; 71-80 cm good; >80 cm very good

⁵ Currently approximately 80% is burning, probably higher. For numerous reasons, people burn late in the year and thus the fires spread uncontrollably, torching (nearly) the entire ecosystem. The fires' chief fuel is the tall, dead grass that grew from that year's rains, so there is ample fodder annually, regardless of the previous year's burns. If fire excess is not addressed soon, this attribute would tend towards "poor" conditions. Science need: determine the natural fire regime so that thresholds can be further refined

⁶ Number of chimpanzees? GOOD? YES Why 2 different estimates of current status? (e.g. 500  2005; later 2007 ~ 940) Answer = Method, important to use same method AGAIN when comparing initial baseline BUT..VERY different to get from 940 to 1000, than to go from 500 to 940. Agree future desire should be VERY GOOD? YES

⁷ Need to review WCS report to determine nest presence within corridor. While forest patches are still connected, chimp presence was only observed in approxinmately half of these connected patches.(see fig. 5 in Davenport et al., 2010). Davenport, TRB, Mpunga, NE, Picton Phillips, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure, O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The Conservation status of the Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurtii in 'Southern Tanganyika' 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society pp45.

⁸ In 2005 WCS visited the whole area starting in the north, to look at the status and threats. In the north there seems to be no evidence of chimp presence, but the hábitat is good, so they could be there. Studies conducted between 2005 and 2009 indicate that chimpanzees in the Southern Tanganyika region live primarily outside of protected areas (78% of records), with a minority being present within protected areas in the Lwafi Game Reserve and the Loasi Forest Reserve. Based upon these studies a population of between 60 and 80 chimpanzees was identified in the Southern Tanganyika area (south of Kipili and north of Kalambo Falls). (Davenport et al., 2010) Davenport, TRB, Mpunga, NE, Picton Phillips, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure, O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The Conservation status of the Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurtii in 'Southern Tanganyika' 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society pp45.

Objectives, Strategic Actions and Action Steps

Show all:
Strategic Action Measures
Action Steps Measures
Comments

Objective: CA1 : Agriculture outside designated areas is reduced to XXX, by 2015. : (Threat)

Objective: CHAR1 : By 2020, charcoal production has stopped in chimpanzee habitat. : (Threat)

Objective: CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem ) (comments)

Objective: CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem) (comments)

Objective: CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Objective: CHIMP4 : Southern Lake Tanganyika Chimp Goal : By 2060, have a stable or increasing (viable) population of at least 100 chimpanzees in the Southern Lake Tanganyika area. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area)

Objective: DIS1 : By 2020, no "epidemic" due to preventable infectious disease is observed (epidemic defined as > 20% of population dying in a given region due to the same disease outbreak within one year). : (Threat) (comments)

Objective: DIS2 : By 2013, appropriate guidelines for great ape tourism and disease prevention and control are adopted and implemented by the Tanzanian government. (comments)

Objective: DIS3 : By 2013, TANAPA, TAWIRI and the Ministry of Health work in partnership to implement the guidelines for disease control and tourism.

Strategic Action: DCON 3: Promote the effective collaboration of the MOH, MNRT, TAWIRI, TANAPA to intensify health activities in critical areas where contact between humans and chimps is more likely (comments)
Comment: Critical areas for example could be in communities in chimp habitat, for refugees, etc. The disease risk will vary for chimpanzees inside versus outside national parks/protected areas and for habituated versus non-habituated chimpanzees. Additionally, the relative numbers of various groups of people entering the parks/having close contact with the chimpanzees will vary from conservation area to conservation area. If the communities see positive results for themselves in terms of more attention and better health care, this will also contribute to the health of the chimpanzees. That is, improved health education focussed on hygiene and respiratory infections (key human health issues that also affect great ape health including chimpanzees) will be better for both local communities and chimpanzees alike. SIV and respiratory infections are the most prevalent diseases. Other infectious diseases (e.g. polio) have been documented. Where SIV is a health issue, improving human health may reduce the risk of some associated co-morbidity. The Ministry of Health has worked hard to address health issues in the country, one of the leading examples in Africa. Infections however continue to be introduced and spread from neighbouring countries - Could this strategy help the MOH intensify its ongoing efforts in vaccination campaigns? One way to help would be to provide capacity building for health data collection in the surrounding districts of the 4 conservation areas.
- Action Step: Once guidelines have been adopted, organise a meeting with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (and relevant institutions within), to identify collaboration opportunities around the theme of joint health risks and preventive actions. (comments)
  Comment: This would include identifying existing MOH programs relevant to reducing risk of disease transmission between species (e.g., immunization, water, sanitation and hygiene [WASH], health education) and specific program actions where MOH/TANAPA/TAWIRI collaboration would benefit both groups. Involved actors: MOH, WD/TAWIRI/TANAPA as leads; "disease control champion" as facilitator
- Action Step: Once guidelines have been adopted, organise local/operational-level meetings with staff from the MOH and MNRT (and relevant institutions within), and other relevant stakeholders in priority areas, to identify collaboration opportunities around the theme of joint health risks and preventive actions. (comments)
  Comment: This would include identifying existing MOH programs relevant to reducing risk of disease transmission between species (e.g., immunization, water, sanitation and hygiene [WASH], health education) and specific program actions where collaboration bewteen the health & environmental sectors would benefit both groups. Involved actors: District/Local MOH, WD/TAWIRI/TANAPA as leads; "disease control champion" as facilitator Potential actors to help with specific regional activities: JGI/Tacare, EARTH Inc to assist whenever possible
- Action Step: Funding secured for health interventions in target communities (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: TAWIRI as lead; TANAPA, JGI/Tacare, EARTH Inc to assist whenever possible
- Action Step: Participate in district health planning meetings in all areas where chimpanzee and human habitat overlap, and promote the inclusion of strategies to reduce direct and indirect contact between humans and chimpanzees (to reduce risk of disease transmission) in official district health annual plans. (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: MOH lead; TANAPA/TAWIRI collaborators for joint planning between health & natural resources sectors
- Action Step: Provide technical assistance to strenghten capacity for diagnostics, data collection and analysis on chimp and human health. Includes agreeing on standardised definitions of clinical signs and diagnostic tests and their thresholds, and ensuring an ongoing collection and assemblage of data that would establish a baseline (normal) level of disease and provide a basis for periodic monitoring. (comments)
  Comment: Diagnostic capabilities will be critical to determining deaths due to disease especially 'preventable' disease. Expected results by 2014: Such a baseline should exist in Gombe, and possibly Mahale. Considering existing capacities (such as cyberchimp) and funding. Involved actors: WD, TAWIRI, TANAPA, MOH - as leads; LPZ/Earth Inc, JGI, FZS? and Mahale researchers, Ugalla researchers, UPP - as collaborators

Objective: DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.

Objective: DIS5 : By 2014, the implementation of guidelines at the community level is actively promoted and monitored by Community and district health committees, Roots & Shoots in some areas (a JGI program operating internationally) , Tacare/GGE (JGI), WCS, and others.

Objective: DIS6 : By 2012, the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas follows regulations that consider risks to chimpanzee wellbeing and establish habituation criteria and protocols.

Strategic Action: DCON 2: Promote the regulation of chimp habituation practices outside of protected areas
- Action Step: Form an inter-institutional team to develop criteria and protocols for the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas, and to develop simple formats on priority health behaviours which the most relevant human users of chimp habitat (i.e. park staff, researchers, tour operators, tourists, film crews and people who habituate chimps) are required to read and agree to. (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: TANAPA, TAWIRI: lead
- Action Step: Establish regulations and hold park staff, researchers, tour operators, tourists, film crews and people who habituate chimps accountable for complying to relevant health behaviours. (comments)
  Comment: This includes developing criteria and protocols for the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas, as well as developing simple formats on priority health behaviours which the most relevant human users of chimp habitat (i.e. park staff, researchers, tour operators, tourists, film crews and people who habituate chimps) are required to read and agree to. By agreeing users should know that non-compliance could result in revoking of permit to carry out a given activity within chimp habitat. Involved actors: TANAPA, TAWIRI: lead
- Action Step: Establish the means to monitor implementation of improved health and hygiene practices described within the guidelines for all relevant target groups. (comments)
  Comment: This could potentially be measured, e.g. through self-reported tracker knowledge, attitude and practice surveys, tourist reporting, observation, etc. Involved actors: TANAPA, TAWIRI - lead; JGI?, FZS?, researchers collaborate

Objective: FIRE1 : By 2020, the percent of evergreen forests in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 2 percent of the total area of forests. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for riverine forests is that only 1-2 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year. (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)

Objective: FIRE2 : By 2030, the percent of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 20 percent of the total area of the mosaic. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for miombo woodland-grassland mosaic is that only 20 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year (high intensity, rapid fire which does not go into the crown). (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)

Objective: FIRE3 : By 2015, fire-fighting crews are trained in 30 villages.

Objective: FIRE5 : By May 2011, fire awareness campaign conducted in 30 villages. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)

Strategic Action: Fire: Promote awareness about the negative effects of fire on natural resources including water, and the importance of controlling fires and burning early

Objective: FIRE6 : By December 2010, fire awareness strategies, messages and materials developed.

Strategic Action: Fire: Promote awareness about the negative effects of fire on natural resources including water, and the importance of controlling fires and burning early

Objective: GL1 : By 2011, a report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure has been completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land and identifying key areas for protection.

Objective: GL2 : By 2015, all chimpanzee habitat, including corridors, that is currently in General Land has an appropriate protected area status and a management plan that is implemented.

Objective: ILUP1 : By 2011, key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land have been identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans.

Strategic Action: ILUP 1: Settlement - Promote integrated land use planning and integrated land management with villages in chimpanzee habitat areas (Western Tanzania): Actors: FZS, WCS, Mahale N.P., CL, TAWIRI, JGI, DC, TNC, MOL
- Action Step: Review existing Land Use Plans and stages in key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: The District Council should lead this activity overall. Southern Tanganyika: WCS volunteered to lead Mahale: FZS volunteered to lead, JGI to collaborate TNC
- Action Step: Identify wildlife corridors (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: JGI volunteered as coordinator, but leads should also include District Councils, WD/TAWIRI Collaborators: FZS, WCS, Mahale National Park, Dr. Ogawa?, TNC
- Action Step: Identify critical chimp habitat areas (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: JGI volunteered as coordinator, but leads should also include District Councils, WD/TAWIRI Collaborators: FZS, WCS, Mahale National Park, Dr. Ogawa?, TNC
- Action Step: Identify villages that hold land within chimp habitat (including corridors) (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: JGI volunteered as coordinator, but leads should also include District Councils, WD/TAWIRI Collaborators: FZS, WCS, Mahale National Park, Dr. Ogawa?, TNC
- Action Step: Awareness about Land Use Planning processes (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: District as lead JGI and WCS (in Southern Tanganyika) as collaborators
- Action Step: Ensure funding to complete land-use planning processes in critical areas (planning stage & initial implementation) (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FZS (Mahale) and JGI as collaborators, TNC
- Action Step: Build capacity for land-use planning -Mpanda, etc. (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: Districts, FSZ (Mahale), WCS (Southern Tanganyika), JGI, TNC
- Action Step: Develop Land Use Plans in priority areas (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: Districs as lead; FZS (Mahale), WCS (S. Tanganyika), JGI as collaborators, TNC
- Action Step: Develop by-laws with villages (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: Districs as lead; FZS (Mahale), JGI as collaborators
- Action Step: Demarcate boundaries (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: Districs as lead; FZS (Mahale), JGI, WCS (S. Tanganyika) as collaborators
- Action Step: Promote approval of LUPs (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: Districs and Land Commission as lead; FZS (Mahale), JGI as collaborators, TNC
- Action Step: Authorities ensure a strict enforcement of the law as established in LUPs (comments)
  Comment: Law enforcement is such that permissions are granted for human development (infrastructure development, settlements, agriculture, cattle, tourism, charcoal production) only if compatible with conservation (not in conflict with ecosystem services and chimpanzees), and sanctions are applied when activities are carried out where not allowed.
- Action Step: Villages and community organisations collaborate in participatory land management
- Action Step: VLUM teams monitor land use together with environmental committees and local forest monitors

Objective: ILUP2 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote participatory land use plan development in critical areas, and in subsequent years funding continues to address ILUP in all key villages.

Objective: ILUP4 : By 2015 all villages that have chimpanzee habitat or corridors on their land develop Land-use Plans that designate critical habitat as interconnected village forest reserves

Objective: ILUP5 : By 2015, the legal framework for land use planning and village bylaws exist to support LUP implementation in all priority villages which hold land within chimp habitat.

Objective: ILUP6 : By 2015, community based conservation organisations actively participate in land management through joint management with authorities of forest and wildlife resources. This includes participation in planning, education, fire control and monitoring efforts, among others.

Objective: MDG-4A&6C : By 2015, the most relevant human infectious diseases (respiratory infections, diarrhoea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, polio, etc.) in communities living in chimp habitat are below national average. This goal will contribute to MDG Target 4A:Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate; and also MDG Target 6C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

Objective: NCAC1 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote activities established in the awareness campaign, and in subsequent years funds are secured to carry out priorities.

Objective: NCAC2 : By 2011, a report has been produced to determine what benefits are derived from reserves by local communities near chimp habitat.

Objective: NCAC3 : By 2011, the majority of National leaders and communities are aware of the importance of reserves and the importance of protecting chimpanzees also on General Land and on Village Land.

Strategic Action: NCAC 1: Promote health awareness and education through a "National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign" linking chimpanzee and human welfare, especially where contact between humans and chimps is more likely.
- Action Step: Identify someone to coordinate the development and promotion of the National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign (comments)
  Comment: Who: FZS, WCS, TANAPA, TAWIRI, JGI, UPP, DC, EARTH Inc When: FY10-FY15
- Action Step: Develop a National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign (comments)
  Comment: This includes establishing baseline information by finding out how many people know about chimps, who knows. Then identifying the target audience(s), methods and content - to establish priorities
- Action Step: Raise / identify funding
- Action Step: Create materials
- Action Step: Start implementation
- Action Step: Conduct an assessment to determine what benefits are derived from Reserves by local communities near chimpanzee habitat (comments)
  Comment: This activity should contribute to building awareness about the value of Reserves and chimpanzee conservation, and should also inform decisions about livelihood options in specific protected areas. Involved actors: Districts, TANAPA as leads; TAWIRI, WCS (S. Tanganyika), Mahale Researchers, FZS (Mahale), JGI as collaborators
- Action Step: Raise awareness among National leaders and communities about the importance of reserves and the importance of protecting chimpanzees also on General Land and on Village Land (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: WD/TANAPA as lead, JGI, TNC as collaborators
- Action Step: Raise awareness with community members about the risk of disease and about prevention techniques (comments)
  Comment: This action is linked to the disease control strategy
- Action Step: Raise awareness with communities about environmental degradation and its effects on human wellbeing
- Action Step: Raise awareness with communities about improved agriculture and alternative farming methods
- Action Step: Raise awareness with communities about the negative effects of fire on natural resources including water, and the importance of controlling fires and burning early
- Action Step: Raise awareness in markets that depend on charcoal produced in or near chimpanzee habitat about feasible alternative energy sources, to decrease demand (comments)
  Comment: This activity should only be addressed within the awareness campaign, if the strategy to promote alternative energy sources is implemented.

Objective: NCAC4 : By 2015, 75% of Tanzania's population is aware of the presence, importance and legal status of chimpanzees, and the majority of people living in chimp habitat feel proud about protecting chimps, and see the benefits that chimp protection brings to human welfare.

Strategic Action: DCON 3: Promote the effective collaboration of the MOH, MNRT, TAWIRI, TANAPA to intensify health activities in critical areas where contact between humans and chimps is more likely (comments)
Comment: Critical areas for example could be in communities in chimp habitat, for refugees, etc. The disease risk will vary for chimpanzees inside versus outside national parks/protected areas and for habituated versus non-habituated chimpanzees. Additionally, the relative numbers of various groups of people entering the parks/having close contact with the chimpanzees will vary from conservation area to conservation area. If the communities see positive results for themselves in terms of more attention and better health care, this will also contribute to the health of the chimpanzees. That is, improved health education focussed on hygiene and respiratory infections (key human health issues that also affect great ape health including chimpanzees) will be better for both local communities and chimpanzees alike. SIV and respiratory infections are the most prevalent diseases. Other infectious diseases (e.g. polio) have been documented. Where SIV is a health issue, improving human health may reduce the risk of some associated co-morbidity. The Ministry of Health has worked hard to address health issues in the country, one of the leading examples in Africa. Infections however continue to be introduced and spread from neighbouring countries - Could this strategy help the MOH intensify its ongoing efforts in vaccination campaigns? One way to help would be to provide capacity building for health data collection in the surrounding districts of the 4 conservation areas.
- Action Step: Once guidelines have been adopted, organise a meeting with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (and relevant institutions within), to identify collaboration opportunities around the theme of joint health risks and preventive actions. (comments)
  Comment: This would include identifying existing MOH programs relevant to reducing risk of disease transmission between species (e.g., immunization, water, sanitation and hygiene [WASH], health education) and specific program actions where MOH/TANAPA/TAWIRI collaboration would benefit both groups. Involved actors: MOH, WD/TAWIRI/TANAPA as leads; "disease control champion" as facilitator
- Action Step: Once guidelines have been adopted, organise local/operational-level meetings with staff from the MOH and MNRT (and relevant institutions within), and other relevant stakeholders in priority areas, to identify collaboration opportunities around the theme of joint health risks and preventive actions. (comments)
  Comment: This would include identifying existing MOH programs relevant to reducing risk of disease transmission between species (e.g., immunization, water, sanitation and hygiene [WASH], health education) and specific program actions where collaboration bewteen the health & environmental sectors would benefit both groups. Involved actors: District/Local MOH, WD/TAWIRI/TANAPA as leads; "disease control champion" as facilitator Potential actors to help with specific regional activities: JGI/Tacare, EARTH Inc to assist whenever possible
- Action Step: Funding secured for health interventions in target communities (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: TAWIRI as lead; TANAPA, JGI/Tacare, EARTH Inc to assist whenever possible
- Action Step: Participate in district health planning meetings in all areas where chimpanzee and human habitat overlap, and promote the inclusion of strategies to reduce direct and indirect contact between humans and chimpanzees (to reduce risk of disease transmission) in official district health annual plans. (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: MOH lead; TANAPA/TAWIRI collaborators for joint planning between health & natural resources sectors
- Action Step: Provide technical assistance to strenghten capacity for diagnostics, data collection and analysis on chimp and human health. Includes agreeing on standardised definitions of clinical signs and diagnostic tests and their thresholds, and ensuring an ongoing collection and assemblage of data that would establish a baseline (normal) level of disease and provide a basis for periodic monitoring. (comments)
  Comment: Diagnostic capabilities will be critical to determining deaths due to disease especially 'preventable' disease. Expected results by 2014: Such a baseline should exist in Gombe, and possibly Mahale. Considering existing capacities (such as cyberchimp) and funding. Involved actors: WD, TAWIRI, TANAPA, MOH - as leads; LPZ/Earth Inc, JGI, FZS? and Mahale researchers, Ugalla researchers, UPP - as collaborators

Objective: NCAC5/FIRE4 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the threat fire poses for natural resources.

Strategic Action: Fire: Promote awareness about the negative effects of fire on natural resources including water, and the importance of controlling fires and burning early

Objective: NCAC6 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the risk of contagious disease to human and chimp welfare, and know about prevention techniques.

Objective: PAME1 : By 2015, all protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks within chimpanzee habitat have updated management plans which contribute to the efefctive management of chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors.

Strategic Action: PA - ME 1: Promote protected area management effectiveness in chimpanzee habitat (Western Tanzania): Who: WD,TANAPA, DC, FBD, TAWIRI, FZS, WCS, USFS, JGI, TNC When: FY10-FY15
- Action Step: Develop management plans for reserves within chimpanzee habitat (comments)
  Comment: Includes developing a transparent, participatory planning process which considers natural resource extraction options within reserves which would not interfere with chimpanzee wellbeing. The planning process should also identify capacity needs so they can be included in the management plan. Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD - as leads; WCS (S. Tanganyika), JGI, USFS, Mahale Researchers - as collaborators
- Action Step: Ensure essential staff positions are filled to adequately implement management plan (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA - as leads;
- Action Step: Equip staff (vehicles, field gear, etc.) to adequately implement management plan (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA - as leads; JGI, FZS (Mahale) - as collaborators
- Action Step: Improve and provide infrastructure for staff to adequately implement management plan (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA - as leads; JGI, FZS (Mahale) - as collaborators
- Action Step: Demarcate the boundaries of reserves and corridors (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD, TAWIRI - lead by Reserve authority; JGI, FZS (Mahale), WCS (S. Tanganyika), USFS - as collaborators
- Action Step: Establish monitoring of chimpanzee populations and habitat integrity (comments)
  Comment: This activity should incorporate viability indicators identified during previous CAPs. In addition, this activity should be linked to the following activity "Finalise and pilot standardised disease surveillance and health monitoring system (humans/chimps/livestock)" - within the Disease Control Strategy. Involved actors: TAWIRI and JGI - as leads; WCS (S. Tanganyika), FZS (Mahale) - as collaborators
- Action Step: Improve motivation through leadership training and staff incentives (comments)
  Comment: This includes setting up an evaluation and reward mechanism that recognises staff performance, as well as adherence to institutional values. in order for this to work, staff need updated job descriptions and annual objectives, so that they can be evaluated fairly. Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD, TAWIRI - lead by Reserve authority; JGI, FZS (Mahale) - as collaborators for leadership training
- Action Step: Provide training in management to Forest Division and other Reserve Authorities (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD, TAWIRI - lead by Reserve authority; JGI, FZS (Mahale), JGI, WCS (S. Tanganyika), FZS (Mahale)
- Action Step: Facilitate inter-departamental communication between NP, FBD, NGOs, District/Region to contribute to effective management (comments)
  Comment: This includes the establishment of alliances for specific tasks to contribute to management plan implementation, sharing information and holding meetings to address relevant issues. Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD, TAWIRI - lead by Reserve authority; JGI, FZS (Mahale), WCS (S. Tanganyika) and other regional actors as collaborators
- Action Step: Identify funding needs and potential funding sources to develop and implement management plans in priority reserves (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: FBD, District, TANAPA, WD - as leads; JGI; FZS (Mahale), WCS (S. Tanganyika), TNC as collaborators
- Action Step: Identify sustainable levels of natural resource extraction within priority chimpanzee habitats (comments)
  Comment: Involved actors: JGI as lead; FZS (Mahale), TAWIRI/WD, TNC as collaborators

Objective: PAME2 : By 2011, funding has been secured to start developing management plans in priority protected areas, and in subsequent years funding is secured to promote management plan updates and ensure implementation of basic operations.

Objective: PAME3 : By 2015, all protected areas within chimpanzee habitat have the basic infrastructure to facilitate on-siet work, and sufficient and adequately trained and equipped staff exist to carry out priority management activities.

Objective: PAME4 : By 2015, chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors are effectively managed in existing protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks.

Objective: S&ID1 : By 2015, all development of infrastructure in chimpanzee habitat is compatible with conservation of chimpanzees and environmental services, and no more than 5% of chimpanzee habitat (based on 2010 habitat extension) is converted to infrastructure. : (Threat)

Objective: S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Strategy Effectiveness

Show all:
Comments
Objective Measures
Indicator Methods
Indicator Measures
Progress Reports

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: CA1 : Agriculture outside designated areas is reduced to XXX, by 2015. : (Threat)

Indicator: Forest converted to agriculture

(methods)

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: CHAR1 : By 2020, charcoal production has stopped in chimpanzee habitat. : (Threat)

Indicator: evidence of chimp presence

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: New females observed in either the Zashe or Mitumba chimpanzee community (presumed to have used the rift landscape)

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of adult males Kalande

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of adult males Kasekela

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of adult males Kwitanga

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of adult males Mitumba

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of adult males Zashe

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of females of reproductive age who transfer across the Kwitanga corridor

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females for the metapopulation

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Kalande

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females kasekela

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Kwitanga

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Mitumba

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Zashe

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of sub-populations rated "Good" or "Very Good"

(measurement report)

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) for chimp metapopulation

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Total number of chimps in metapopulation

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Not Specified	Not Specified
210	Apr 15, 2008	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified	Need to consult with Mike, Liz and Anne on the minumum viable chimpanzee metapopulation.

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kalande community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kasekela community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kwitanga community

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
15	-	Not Specified	Not Specified	This number is the mean of the Kwitanga chimpanzee community as estimated by Sood Ndimuligo during the preperation of his Masters Thesis. (Ndimuligo, Sood. 2007. Personal communication. Kigoma, Tanzania. )

(measurement report)

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Mitumba community

(measurement report)

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Zasha community

(measurement report)

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: DBH

(measurement report)

Indicator: Frequency of fire occurrences

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified	Currently approximately 80% is burning, probably higher. For numerous reasons, people burn late in the year and thus the fires spread uncontrollably, torching (nearly) the entire ecosystem. The fires' chief fuel is the tall, dead grass that grew from that year's rains, so there is ample fodder annually, regardless of the previous year's burns. If fire excess is not addressed soon, this attribute would tend towards "poor" conditions. Science need: determine the natural fire regime so that thresholds can be further refined
	Mar 14, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Indicator: Number of chimpanzees

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified	Number of chimpanzees? GOOD? YES Why 2 different estimates of current status? (e.g. 500  2005; later 2007 ~ 940) Answer = Method, important to use same method AGAIN when comparing initial baseline BUT..VERY different to get from 940 to 1000, than to go from 500 to 940. Agree future desire should be VERY GOOD? YES
Est. 940	Mar 14, 2007	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Indicator: Number of hectares of forest

(measurement report)

Indicator: status of forest (under protection or not)

(measurement report)

Indicator: Width of chimpanzee corridor

(measurement report)

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Distance between vegetation patches

(measurement report)

Indicator: Index for rating of species availability

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified
	Apr 14, 2008	Rough Guess	Not Specified	see the index value (needs defining)

Indicator: Number of hectares of evergreen forest

(measurement report)

Indicator: Number of hectares of woodland/riverine forest

(measurement report)

Indicator: population dynamics

(measurement report)

Indicator: Proportion of subpopulations that are linked by chimp habitat

(measurement report)

Indicator: Signs of usage (nests, footprints, food remains)

(measurement report)

Indicator: Trends in population size (per community and as a whole)

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified
	Apr 14, 2008	Rough Guess	Not Specified	Populations slowly declining but meta population still viable

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Habitat loss (hectares of appropriate habitat which have been lost)

(measurement report)

Indicator: Recent Chimp nest presence within corridor in North-South Mwene

(measurement report)

Indicator: Trends in population size

(measurement report)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
60 - 80	Jan 19, 2010	Intensive Assessment	Not Specified	In 2005 WCS visited the whole area starting in the north, to look at the status and threats. In the north there seems to be no evidence of chimp presence, but the hábitat is good, so they could be there. Studies conducted between 2005 and 2009 indicate that chimpanzees in the Southern Tanganyika region live primarily outside of protected areas (78% of records), with a minority being present within protected areas in the Lwafi Game Reserve and the Loasi Forest Reserve. Based upon these studies a population of between 60 and 80 chimpanzees was identified in the Southern Tanganyika area (south of Kipili and north of Kalambo Falls). (Davenport et al., 2010) Davenport, TRB, Mpunga, NE, Picton Phillips, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure, O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The Conservation status of the Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurtii in 'Southern Tanganyika' 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society pp45.

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of chimpanzee deaths due to preventable infectious diseases

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: DIS2 : By 2013, appropriate guidelines for great ape tourism and disease prevention and control are adopted and implemented by the Tanzanian government. (comments)

Indicator: Official endorsement of IUCN's disease control guidelines by Tanzanian government authorities

Indicator: Official endorsement of IUCN's tourism guidelines by Tanzanian government authorities

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: DIS3 : By 2013, TANAPA, TAWIRI and the Ministry of Health work in partnership to implement the guidelines for disease control and tourism.

Indicator: guidelines developed & implemented

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.

Indicator: Existence of baseline data on chimp and human disease

Indicator: Existence of monitoring and collaboration protocols to monitor chimp health

Indicator: Existence of monitoring and collaboration protocols to monitor human health

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of research, tour operations or research permits not compliant with established health behaviours

Indicator: Adherence to guidelines

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: DIS6 : By 2012, the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas follows regulations that consider risks to chimpanzee wellbeing and establish habituation criteria and protocols.

Indicator: Enforcement level of habituation regulations

Indicator: Existence of mechanisms to regulate chimp habituation (regulations, certification process, protocol, best-practices, etc.)

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of area of evergreen forests burned each year

(methods)

Indicator: % of area of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic burned each year

(methods)

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of area of evergreen forests burned each year

(methods)

Indicator: % of area of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic burned each year

(methods)

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: FIRE3 : By 2015, fire-fighting crews are trained in 30 villages.

Indicator: Number of villages with a trained fire-fighting crew.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: FIRE5 : By May 2011, fire awareness campaign conducted in 30 villages. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)

Indicator: Number of vilages where a fire awareness campaign has been conducted. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: FIRE6 : By December 2010, fire awareness strategies, messages and materials developed.

Indicator: Percent of villagers surveyed who understand the threat fire poses to natural resources compared to baseline survey.

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Report on the status of chimpanzees on General Land (considering leasing permits)

Indicator: Report on the status of chimpanzees on Village Land.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: GL2 : By 2015, all chimpanzee habitat, including corridors, that is currently in General Land has an appropriate protected area status and a management plan that is implemented.

Indicator: % of key chimpanzee habitat under some form of protected area status

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat under former General Land gazetted as Protected Area

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: ILUP1 : By 2011, key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land have been identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans.

Indicator: Map identifying chimp corridors

Indicator: Map identifying key villages which hold chimp habitat wthin their land

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of funds secured to promote ILUP in priority villages

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: ILUP4 : By 2015 all villages that have chimpanzee habitat or corridors on their land develop Land-use Plans that designate critical habitat as interconnected village forest reserves

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat designated as Village Forest Reserves

Indicator: Number of villages that hold land in chimpanzee habitat, which have designated Village Forest Reserves

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: ILUP5 : By 2015, the legal framework for land use planning and village bylaws exist to support LUP implementation in all priority villages which hold land within chimp habitat.

Indicator: % of villages which have developed bylaws to support the implementation of LUPs

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of villages where environmental committees exist and actively participate in managing environmental issues on their land

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Incidence of infectious disease

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: NCAC1 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote activities established in the awareness campaign, and in subsequent years funds are secured to carry out priorities.

Indicator: % of priority activities which have sufficient funding

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: NCAC2 : By 2011, a report has been produced to determine what benefits are derived from reserves by local communities near chimp habitat.

Indicator: Report showing what benefits are derived from Reserves by local communities near chimp habitat

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Perception about the importance of chimp habitat protection

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of residents in chimp habitat that perceive a benefit from chimp protection on human health

Indicator: Perception of residents in chimp habitat about a sense of pride regarding chimp protection

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: NCAC5/FIRE4 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the threat fire poses for natural resources.

Indicator: Number of vilages where a fire awareness campaign has been conducted. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)

Indicator: Percent of villagers surveyed who understand the threat fire poses to natural resources compared to baseline survey.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: NCAC6 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the risk of contagious disease to human and chimp welfare, and know about prevention techniques.

Indicator: Percent of villagers surveyed who understand the threat posed by contagious diseases to humans and chimps, and who know about prevention techniques.

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimpanzee habitat which have completed or updated management plans

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of reserves which have funds available to complete management plans

Indicator: % of reserves which have funds available to implement priority activities

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat sufficient and adequately trained staff

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat with adequate equipment (vehicles, field gear, etc.) to implement management plan

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat with adequate infrastructure to implement management plan

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: PAME4 : By 2015, chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors are effectively managed in existing protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks.

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimpanzee habitat which carry out basic management plan implementation (or more)

Indicator: Management Effectiveness Assessment Indicators

Percent Complete: 0%

Indicator: Fragmentation of chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat converted to infrastructure

Indicator: Number and size of settlements established in chimpanzee habitat

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Indicator: Fragmentation of chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat converted to infrastructure

Indicator: Number and size of settlements established in chimpanzee habitat

All Monitoring Indicators

Show all:
Methods
Measurement Report
Progress Reports
Objectives
Target KEA Refs
Target Threat Refs
Other Refs

Indicator: % of area of evergreen forests burned each year
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

FIRE1 : By 2020, the percent of evergreen forests in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 2 percent of the total area of forests. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for riverine forests is that only 1-2 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year. (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)
FIRE2 : By 2030, the percent of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 20 percent of the total area of the mosaic. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for miombo woodland-grassland mosaic is that only 20 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year (high intensity, rapid fire which does not go into the crown). (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: Incompatible human-ignited fires reduced in chimp habitat

Indicator: % of area of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic burned each year
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

FIRE1 : By 2020, the percent of evergreen forests in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 2 percent of the total area of forests. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for riverine forests is that only 1-2 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year. (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)
FIRE2 : By 2030, the percent of miombo woodland-grassland mosaic in which wildfires occur has been reduced to 20 percent of the total area of the mosaic. : The working hypothesis is that the natural fire regime for miombo woodland-grassland mosaic is that only 20 percent of that vegetation type should burn per year (high intensity, rapid fire which does not go into the crown). (Cited during a fire management planning meeting in Kigoma, May 2008.) (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: Incompatible human-ignited fires reduced in chimp habitat

Indicator: % of chimpanzee deaths due to preventable infectious diseases
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS1 : By 2020, no "epidemic" due to preventable infectious disease is observed (epidemic defined as > 20% of population dying in a given region due to the same disease outbreak within one year). : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: No epidemic due to preventable infectious disease observed within the next 10 years

Indicator: % of funds secured to promote ILUP in priority villages
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP2 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote participatory land use plan development in critical areas, and in subsequent years funding continues to address ILUP in all key villages.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Funds secured to promote participatory land use plan development in critical areas

Indicator: % of households within priority markets, that no longer depend on charcoal
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: People use alternative domestic energy sources

Indicator: % of key chimpanzee habitat under some form of protected area status
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

GL2 : By 2015, all chimpanzee habitat, including corridors, that is currently in General Land has an appropriate protected area status and a management plan that is implemented.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Protected area approval obtained by relevant authorities

Indicator: % of priority activities which have sufficient funding
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC1 : By 2011, initial funds have been secured to promote activities established in the awareness campaign, and in subsequent years funds are secured to carry out priorities.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Campaign activities begin, to raise awareness with target audiences about specific topics identified in the C-CAP

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat sufficient and adequately trained staff
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME3 : By 2015, all protected areas within chimpanzee habitat have the basic infrastructure to facilitate on-siet work, and sufficient and adequately trained and equipped staff exist to carry out priority management activities.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Basic management capacity needs addressed

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat with adequate equipment (vehicles, field gear, etc.) to implement management plan
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME3 : By 2015, all protected areas within chimpanzee habitat have the basic infrastructure to facilitate on-siet work, and sufficient and adequately trained and equipped staff exist to carry out priority management activities.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Basic management capacity needs addressed

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimp habitat with adequate infrastructure to implement management plan
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME3 : By 2015, all protected areas within chimpanzee habitat have the basic infrastructure to facilitate on-siet work, and sufficient and adequately trained and equipped staff exist to carry out priority management activities.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Basic management capacity needs addressed

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimpanzee habitat which carry out basic management plan implementation (or more)
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME4 : By 2015, chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors are effectively managed in existing protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Adaptive and effective management is in place in Protected Areas within chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: % of protected areas within chimpanzee habitat which have completed or updated management plans
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME1 : By 2015, all protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks within chimpanzee habitat have updated management plans which contribute to the efefctive management of chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Management plans developed

Indicator: % of research, tour operations or research permits not compliant with established health behaviours
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS5 : By 2014, the implementation of guidelines at the community level is actively promoted and monitored by Community and district health committees, Roots & Shoots in some areas (a JGI program operating internationally) , Tacare/GGE (JGI), WCS, and others.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Trackers, tourists & researchers adhere to guidelines (in protected areas and outside of protected areas as well)

Indicator: % of reserves which have funds available to complete management plans
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME2 : By 2011, funding has been secured to start developing management plans in priority protected areas, and in subsequent years funding is secured to promote management plan updates and ensure implementation of basic operations.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Funding available for management plan implementation

Indicator: % of reserves which have funds available to implement priority activities
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME2 : By 2011, funding has been secured to start developing management plans in priority protected areas, and in subsequent years funding is secured to promote management plan updates and ensure implementation of basic operations.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Funding available for management plan implementation

Indicator: % of residents in chimp habitat that perceive a benefit from chimp protection on human health
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC4 : By 2015, 75% of Tanzania's population is aware of the presence, importance and legal status of chimpanzees, and the majority of people living in chimp habitat feel proud about protecting chimps, and see the benefits that chimp protection brings to human welfare.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Enhanced national pride around chimpanzees through a campaign linking chimpanzee health, ecotourism and human health

Indicator: % of villages where environmental committees exist and actively participate in managing environmental issues on their land
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP6 : By 2015, community based conservation organisations actively participate in land management through joint management with authorities of forest and wildlife resources. This includes participation in planning, education, fire control and monitoring efforts, among others.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Joint forest management

Indicator: % of villages which have developed bylaws to support the implementation of LUPs
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP5 : By 2015, the legal framework for land use planning and village bylaws exist to support LUP implementation in all priority villages which hold land within chimp habitat.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Legal framework for land use planning and village bylaws support LUP implementation

Indicator: Adherence to guidelines
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS5 : By 2014, the implementation of guidelines at the community level is actively promoted and monitored by Community and district health committees, Roots & Shoots in some areas (a JGI program operating internationally) , Tacare/GGE (JGI), WCS, and others.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Trackers, tourists & researchers adhere to guidelines (in protected areas and outside of protected areas as well)

Indicator: Advocate identified to coordinate the development and promotion of the National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: Advocate identified to coordinate the development and promotion of the National Chimpanzee Awareness Campaign

Indicator: Awareness campaign vetted by multi-institutional team
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: Awareness campaign designed by multi-institutional team

Indicator: DBH
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Not Specified	Not Specified	From 2007 CAP suggested measurements focussed on circumference, but during the 2010 workshop it was recommended to change the indicator to DBH. Previous ranges for circumference were: <50 cm poor; 50-70 cm fair; 71-80 cm good; >80 cm very good

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Condition: Habitat quality and quantity/size

Indicator: Distance between vegetation patches
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Forest connectivity

Indicator: Enforcement level of habituation regulations
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS6 : By 2012, the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas follows regulations that consider risks to chimpanzee wellbeing and establish habituation criteria and protocols.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Habituation of chimps outside of protected areas is regulated

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
65 ha	Jun 15, 2005	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
677 ha	Mar 15, 2006	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
132 ha	Jan 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
212 ha	Apr 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Evergreen forest per community (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
300 ha	Mar 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: evidence of chimp presence
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

CHAR1 : By 2020, charcoal production has stopped in chimpanzee habitat. : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: Charcoal production stopped in chimp habitat

Indicator: Existence of baseline data on chimp and human disease
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Capacity for diagnostics, data collection and analysis on chimp and human health established with key stakeholders

Indicator: Existence of mechanisms to regulate chimp habituation (regulations, certification process, protocol, best-practices, etc.)
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS6 : By 2012, the habituation of chimps outside of protected areas follows regulations that consider risks to chimpanzee wellbeing and establish habituation criteria and protocols.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Habituation of chimps outside of protected areas is regulated

Indicator: Existence of monitoring and collaboration protocols to monitor chimp health
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Capacity for diagnostics, data collection and analysis on chimp and human health established with key stakeholders

Indicator: Existence of monitoring and collaboration protocols to monitor human health
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS4 : By 2014, capacity exists within authorities and supporters (researchers, community members) to collect and analyse information on chimp and human health in chimp habitat.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Capacity for diagnostics, data collection and analysis on chimp and human health established with key stakeholders

Indicator: Forest converted to agriculture
(methods) (objectives) (other refs)

Methods:

Images to compare annual forest cover loss to agriculture

Objectives:

CA1 : Agriculture outside designated areas is reduced to XXX, by 2015. : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: Reduced forest area converted to agriculture

Indicator: Fragmentation of chimpanzee habitat
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

S&ID1 : By 2015, all development of infrastructure in chimpanzee habitat is compatible with conservation of chimpanzees and environmental services, and no more than 5% of chimpanzee habitat (based on 2010 habitat extension) is converted to infrastructure. : (Threat)
S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: All new infrastructure development is compatible with conservation in chimpanzee habitat.

Indicator: Frequency of fire occurrences
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified	Currently approximately 80% is burning, probably higher. For numerous reasons, people burn late in the year and thus the fires spread uncontrollably, torching (nearly) the entire ecosystem. The fires' chief fuel is the tall, dead grass that grew from that year's rains, so there is ample fodder annually, regardless of the previous year's burns. If fire excess is not addressed soon, this attribute would tend towards "poor" conditions. Science need: determine the natural fire regime so that thresholds can be further refined
	Mar 14, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Fire regime

Indicator: Functional connectivity of Village Forest Reserves
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: Improved connectivity of chimpanzee habitat on village land

Indicator: guidelines developed & implemented
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS3 : By 2013, TANAPA, TAWIRI and the Ministry of Health work in partnership to implement the guidelines for disease control and tourism.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Effective collaboration and partnership between MNRT, TANAPA, TAWIRI and the Ministry of Health for the implementation of guidelines for disease control and tourism

Indicator: Habitat loss (hectares of appropriate habitat which have been lost)
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
		Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP4 : Southern Lake Tanganyika Chimp Goal : By 2060, have a stable or increasing (viable) population of at least 100 chimpanzees in the Southern Lake Tanganyika area. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area
- Landscape Context: Appropriate habitat presence

Indicator: Has of chimp habitat cleared for charcoal production
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: Charcoal production reduced around chimp habitat

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat converted to infrastructure
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

S&ID1 : By 2015, all development of infrastructure in chimpanzee habitat is compatible with conservation of chimpanzees and environmental services, and no more than 5% of chimpanzee habitat (based on 2010 habitat extension) is converted to infrastructure. : (Threat)
S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: All new infrastructure development is compatible with conservation in chimpanzee habitat.

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat designated as Village Forest Reserves
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP4 : By 2015 all villages that have chimpanzee habitat or corridors on their land develop Land-use Plans that designate critical habitat as interconnected village forest reserves

Others:

IntermediateResult: Critical chimpanzee habitat on village land designated as interconnected village forest reserves

Indicator: Has. of chimpanzee habitat under former General Land gazetted as Protected Area
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

GL2 : By 2015, all chimpanzee habitat, including corridors, that is currently in General Land has an appropriate protected area status and a management plan that is implemented.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Protected area approval obtained by relevant authorities

Indicator: Incidence of infectious disease
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

MDG-4A&6C : By 2015, the most relevant human infectious diseases (respiratory infections, diarrhoea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, polio, etc.) in communities living in chimp habitat are below national average. This goal will contribute to MDG Target 4A:Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate; and also MDG Target 6C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Humans living in chimp habitat are less affected by infectious diseases (respiratory infections, diarrhoea, polio, etc.)

Indicator: Incidence, prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Health of people living near chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Index for rating of species availability
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified
	Apr 14, 2008	Rough Guess	Not Specified	see the index value (needs defining)

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Condition: Habitat quality

Indicator: Management Effectiveness Assessment Indicators
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

PAME4 : By 2015, chimpanzee populations, habitat and corridors are effectively managed in existing protected areas such as Forest Reserves, Game Reserves and National Parks.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Adaptive and effective management is in place in Protected Areas within chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Map identifying chimp corridors
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP1 : By 2011, key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land have been identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans

Indicator: Map identifying key villages which hold chimp habitat wthin their land
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP1 : By 2011, key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land have been identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Key villages which hold chimpanzee habitat within their land identified, to promote the development of integrated Land Use Plans

Indicator: Minimum level of dietary energy consumption
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Basic needs met for people conserving chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: New females observed in either the Zashe or Mitumba chimpanzee community (presumed to have used the rift landscape)
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
0	Apr 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Number and size of settlements established in chimpanzee habitat
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

S&ID1 : By 2015, all development of infrastructure in chimpanzee habitat is compatible with conservation of chimpanzees and environmental services, and no more than 5% of chimpanzee habitat (based on 2010 habitat extension) is converted to infrastructure. : (Threat)
S&ID2 : By 2015 all villages who have completed LUPs, allow no new settlements in chimpanzee habitat (for example within Village Forest Reserves) : (Threat)

Others:

ThreatReductionResult: All new infrastructure development is compatible with conservation in chimpanzee habitat.

Indicator: Number of adult males Kalande
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
1	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kalande chimp community structure and dynamics

Indicator: Number of adult males Kasekela
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
14	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kasekela chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of adult males Kwitanga
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
5-8	Jan 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kwitanga chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of adult males Mitumba
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
2	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Mitumba chimp community structure and dynamics

Indicator: Number of adult males Zashe
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
0-3	Aug 15, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Zashe chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of chimpanzees
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified	Number of chimpanzees? GOOD? YES Why 2 different estimates of current status? (e.g. 500  2005; later 2007 ~ 940) Answer = Method, important to use same method AGAIN when comparing initial baseline BUT..VERY different to get from 940 to 1000, than to go from 500 to 940. Agree future desire should be VERY GOOD? YES
Est. 940	Mar 14, 2007	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Size: Population size and dynamics

Indicator: Number of females of reproductive age who transfer across the Kwitanga corridor
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
0	Apr 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Number of hectares of evergreen forest
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Area of suitable chimp habitat

Indicator: Number of hectares of forest
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
≈ 5,000 km2	Mar 14, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Condition: Habitat quality and quantity/size

Indicator: Number of hectares of woodland/riverine forest
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Area of suitable chimp habitat

Indicator: Number of reproducing females for the metapopulation
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Kalande
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
4	Jun 15, 2006	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kalande chimp community structure and dynamics

Indicator: Number of reproducing females kasekela
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
26	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kasekela chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Kwitanga
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
7-10	Jan 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Kwitanga chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Mitumba
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
9	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Mitumba chimp community structure and dynamics

Indicator: Number of reproducing females Zashe
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
0-4	Aug 15, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Condition: Zashe chimp community structure and dynamic

Indicator: Number of sub-populations rated "Good" or "Very Good"
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
1	Apr 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Number of vilages where a fire awareness campaign has been conducted. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

FIRE5 : By May 2011, fire awareness campaign conducted in 30 villages. (The ¨campaign¨ will be defined by the communication strategies by Dec 2010.)
NCAC5/FIRE4 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the threat fire poses for natural resources.

Others:

IntermediateResult: People understand negative impacts of fire on natural resources and the importance of both controlling fire and burning early.

Indicator: Number of villages that hold land in chimpanzee habitat, which have designated Village Forest Reserves
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

ILUP4 : By 2015 all villages that have chimpanzee habitat or corridors on their land develop Land-use Plans that designate critical habitat as interconnected village forest reserves

Others:

IntermediateResult: Critical chimpanzee habitat on village land designated as interconnected village forest reserves

Indicator: Number of villages with a trained fire-fighting crew.
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

FIRE3 : By 2015, fire-fighting crews are trained in 30 villages.

Others:

IntermediateResult: More fire suppression occurs on a local level

Indicator: Official endorsement of IUCN's disease control guidelines by Tanzanian government authorities
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS2 : By 2013, appropriate guidelines for great ape tourism and disease prevention and control are adopted and implemented by the Tanzanian government.

Others:

IntermediateResult: IUCN best-practice guidelines for tourism and disease prevention officially adopted by the government in Tanzania

Indicator: Official endorsement of IUCN's tourism guidelines by Tanzanian government authorities
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

DIS2 : By 2013, appropriate guidelines for great ape tourism and disease prevention and control are adopted and implemented by the Tanzanian government.

Others:

IntermediateResult: IUCN best-practice guidelines for tourism and disease prevention officially adopted by the government in Tanzania

Indicator: Percent of villagers surveyed who understand the threat fire poses to natural resources compared to baseline survey.
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

FIRE6 : By December 2010, fire awareness strategies, messages and materials developed.
NCAC5/FIRE4 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the threat fire poses for natural resources.

Others:

IntermediateResult: People understand negative impacts of fire on natural resources and the importance of both controlling fire and burning early.

Indicator: Percent of villagers surveyed who understand the threat posed by contagious diseases to humans and chimps, and who know about prevention techniques.
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC6 : By 2015, 80% of villagers surveyed understand the risk of contagious disease to human and chimp welfare, and know about prevention techniques.

Others:

IntermediateResult: The general public in Tanzania is aware of the importance of conserving chimpanzees and sees a connection between human and chimpanzee wellbeing

Indicator: Perception about the importance of chimp habitat protection
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC3 : By 2011, the majority of National leaders and communities are aware of the importance of reserves and the importance of protecting chimpanzees also on General Land and on Village Land.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Awareness raised among national, regional and community leaders about the importance of protecting chimp habitat under general lands

Indicator: Perception of residents in chimp habitat about a sense of pride regarding chimp protection
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC4 : By 2015, 75% of Tanzania's population is aware of the presence, importance and legal status of chimpanzees, and the majority of people living in chimp habitat feel proud about protecting chimps, and see the benefits that chimp protection brings to human welfare.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Enhanced national pride around chimpanzees through a campaign linking chimpanzee health, ecotourism and human health

Indicator: population dynamics
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Condition: Population dynamics

Indicator: Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measles
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Health of people living near chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Proportion of land area covered by forest
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Environmental Sustainability in policies and programs

Indicator: Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day/below national poverty line
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Basic needs met for people conserving chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Proportion of population vulnerable to climate change adverse impacts
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Environmental Sustainability in policies and programs

Indicator: Proportion of species threatened with extinction
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Environmental Sustainability in policies and programs

Indicator: Proportion of subpopulations that are linked by chimp habitat
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Forest connectivity

Indicator: Proportion of underweight children under-five years of age
(other refs)

Others:

HumanWelfareTarget: Basic needs met for people conserving chimpanzee habitat

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) for chimp metapopulation
(objectives) (target kea refs)

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kalande chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
884 ha	Jun 15, 2006	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kasekela chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
1730 ha	Jun 15, 2006	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Kwitanga chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
2104 ha	Jan 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Mitumba chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
700 ha	Jun 15, 2005	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Range size (in hectares) in Zashe chimp community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
7012 ha	Jan 15, 2008	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Range habitat availability

Indicator: Recent Chimp nest presence within corridor in North-South Mwene
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
		Rough Guess	Not Specified	Need to review WCS report to determine nest presence within corridor. While forest patches are still connected, chimp presence was only observed in approxinmately half of these connected patches.(see fig. 5 in Davenport et al., 2010). Davenport, TRB, Mpunga, NE, Picton Phillips, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure, O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The Conservation status of the Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurtii in 'Southern Tanganyika' 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society pp45.

Objectives:

CHIMP4 : Southern Lake Tanganyika Chimp Goal : By 2060, have a stable or increasing (viable) population of at least 100 chimpanzees in the Southern Lake Tanganyika area. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area
- Landscape Context: Habitat connectivity

Indicator: Report on identified markets for charcoal produced around chimp habitat
(other refs)

Others:

IntermediateResult: Market identifed for charcoal produced around chimp habitat

Indicator: Report on the status of chimpanzees on General Land (considering leasing permits)
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

GL1 : By 2011, a report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure has been completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land and identifying key areas for protection.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land.

Indicator: Report on the status of chimpanzees on Village Land.
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

GL1 : By 2011, a report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure has been completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land and identifying key areas for protection.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Report on the status of chimpanzees on various types of land tenure completed. Detailing status on General Land (considering granted leasings), Village Land and Reserve Land.

Indicator: Report showing what benefits are derived from Reserves by local communities near chimp habitat
(objectives) (other refs)

Objectives:

NCAC2 : By 2011, a report has been produced to determine what benefits are derived from reserves by local communities near chimp habitat.

Others:

IntermediateResult: Leaders and community members near chimpanzee habitat recognise the importance of reserves for the wellbeing of chimpanzees and of people

Indicator: Signs of usage (nests, footprints, food remains)
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Forest connectivity

Indicator: status of forest (under protection or not)
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Rough Guess	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Forest Connectivity

Indicator: Total number of chimps in metapopulation
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Not Specified	Not Specified
210	Apr 15, 2008	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified	Need to consult with Mike, Liz and Anne on the minumum viable chimpanzee metapopulation.

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kalande community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
9	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kasekela community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
65	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Kwitanga community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
15		Not Specified	Not Specified	This number is the mean of the Kwitanga chimpanzee community as estimated by Sood Ndimuligo during the preperation of his Masters Thesis. (Ndimuligo, Sood. 2007. Personal communication. Kigoma, Tanzania. )

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Mitumba community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
25	May 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Total number of chimps within Zasha community
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
10-15	Mar 15, 2009	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP1 : Greater Gombe Chimp Goal : By 2060, a demographically viable population of at least 160 chimpanzees is established in the core conservation area of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem )

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Gombe Ecosystem
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Trends in population size
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
60 - 80	Jan 19, 2010	Intensive Assessment	Not Specified	In 2005 WCS visited the whole area starting in the north, to look at the status and threats. In the north there seems to be no evidence of chimp presence, but the hábitat is good, so they could be there. Studies conducted between 2005 and 2009 indicate that chimpanzees in the Southern Tanganyika region live primarily outside of protected areas (78% of records), with a minority being present within protected areas in the Lwafi Game Reserve and the Loasi Forest Reserve. Based upon these studies a population of between 60 and 80 chimpanzees was identified in the Southern Tanganyika area (south of Kipili and north of Kalambo Falls). (Davenport et al., 2010) Davenport, TRB, Mpunga, NE, Picton Phillips, G, Machaga, SJ, De Luca, DW, Kibure, O & Abeid, Y. 2010. The Conservation status of the Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes schweinfurtii in 'Southern Tanganyika' 2005-2009. Unpublished Report. Wildlife Conservation Society pp45.

Objectives:

CHIMP4 : Southern Lake Tanganyika Chimp Goal : By 2060, have a stable or increasing (viable) population of at least 100 chimpanzees in the Southern Lake Tanganyika area. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Southern Lake Tanganyika Area
- Size: Population size

Indicator: Trends in population size (per community and as a whole)
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Jan 19, 2010	Expert Knowledge	Not Specified
	Apr 14, 2008	Rough Guess	Not Specified	Populations slowly declining but meta population still viable

Objectives:

CHIMP3 : Mahale chimp goal : By 2060 there is a stable and/or increased chimpanzee population within the habitat extent and composition of 2007. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Greater Mahale Ecosystem
- Size: Population size

Indicator: Width of chimpanzee corridor
(measurement report) (objectives) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
	Mar 14, 2007	Not Specified	Not Specified

Objectives:

CHIMP2 : Masito Ugalla chimp Goal : By 2060, chimpanzees in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem are stable or increasing from the 2007 population estimate. (Target = Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem)

Key Attribute

Chimpanzees of the Masito-Ugalla Ecosystem
- Landscape Context: Forest Connectivity

Indicator: Yield per acre
(methods) (other refs)

Methods:

Interview producers to obtain data about yield per acre

Others:

IntermediateResult: ## Increased yield per acre

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Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan (ID: 1588)

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