Meili Snow Mountain National Park (ID: 656)

Project last modified by ecoffman on April 22, 2010. Project Created By: The Nature Conservancy.

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Project Info

Contact Name:
WANG Dezhi

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Contact Organization:
The Nature Conservancy

Project Start Date:
January 15, 2004

Data Effective Date:
November 15, 2008

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Operational Unit(s):

China

Ecoregion(s):

Hengduan Mountains Subalpine Conifer Forests
Eastern Himalayan Broadleaf Forests

Country(ies):

China

Parent Project:

China National Parks Project (Parent's Project ID: 1580)

Project Description:
SITE / PROJECT NAME: Meili (Snow Mountain) National Park

ECOREGION: Nujiang-Lancang Gorge

LOCATION: The Meili Project Area is located in the western part of Deqin county, Yunnan Province, in southwest China (see Map 1: Ecoregions of Northwest Yunnan), a tremendously topographically varied and incredibly biologically diverse area. This region, falling within the "Three Parallel Rivers" World Heritage Site, is notable for the close proximity in which the Lancang River (Mekong River), Nujiang River (Salween River), and Jinsa Jiang (Yangtze River) flow, interspersed by high snow mountain peaks above 6,000 m, including the 6,700 m sacred Tibetan peak of Kawagebo, marking where the eastern extension of the Himalayan range meets the greater Heng Duan mountains. To the west is the Tibetan Autonomous Region, and Sichuan Province lies to the north. The longitude of this county is between E 98°36ˊand 99°33ˊ, and the latitude is between N 27°33ˊ—29°15ˊ . .

PROJECT AREA: The main Meili Project Area spans an area of 1,645 sq. km, approximately 35 km wide from the eastern boundary with the Tibetan Autonomous Region, across the Lancang River, to the western border of Baimai Xueshan National Nature Reserve (see Map 2: Project Area), and 240 km in a north-south direction, encompassing three townships - Fushan, Yunling and Shenping. An additional "extension area", identified for similar conservation targets, topography, and ecological processes, stretches 1,300 sq km west to the Nujiang River into Tibet; however this area will be addressed in future planning efforts due to socio-political complications of engaging in conservation efforts in the area. Meili Project, initiated in 1999, is the first action site for the Yunnan Great Rivers Project (expanded in 2002 to TNC's China country program), and encompasses the County seat - Deqin City. Through the heart of the Project Area flows the Lancang River; two major tributaries include the Adong River flowing from the northeast, and the Yongzhi River from the southwest. Centered around the sacred peak of Kawagebo, this region is largely Tibetan.

ECOREGIONAL / ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Coincident with extreme topographic gradient is a similarly steep environmental gradient. Compressed within short distances are subtropical shrub-scrub ecosystems along the arid canyon bottoms, rising through humid mixed deciduous-coniferous forests, temperate coniferous forests, alpine meadows and scree above treeline, to permanent snow on the high peaks. Glaciers descending off the peaks reach the lowest elevation of any in China, nearly terminating in subtropical life zones. During The Nature Conservancy of China's Yunnan Great Rivers ecoregional planning process that assessed conservation priorities within NW Yunnan, the Meili area was identified as being extraordinarily biodiverse, in terms of both richness and endemism of plants, animals, and ecosystems. The Nujiang-Lancang Gorge is considered within a biodiversity hotspot, identified by Conservation International, and as one of WWF's Global 200 priority ecoregions.

The mountains of Meili are abundant in ornamental plants and it is the center of many world famous decorative plants. It is a fairyland for horticulturists. There are world famous highland flowers, such as Rhododendron, Primulaceae, Gentianaceae, Pedicularis，Meconopsis. And also there are many species decorative plant, such as Rosaceae, Catalpa Scop, Deutzia scabra, Philadelphus，Hemiphragma, Enkianthus, Aconitum, Delphinium. There are some odd highland plants, such as Fumariaceae, Arenaria , Saussurea , Eriophyton Benth。The wide animal resources is also abundant, such as Cervus elaphus，Cervus unicolor, Moschus sifanicus, Moschus berezovskii, Naemorhedus cranbrooki, Naemorhedus ca

Objectives

Name
Before 2010, manure and fuelwood collection from slerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest reduce 60%.
By 2015, 5 species of Tibetan medicinal plants sustainably cultivated and distributed by Hongpo village
Co-management incorporates indigenous/traditional knowledge for protection of conservation targets by 2015.
Integrity and biodiversity of key alpine meadow/mosaic areas are maintained with sustanable, compatible pastoral practices by local people by 2010.
Keep and improve water level and quality of rivers in National park in fifteen years
To abate critical threat of uplaned and unmanaged touris development in Meili area, ensure establishment of Meili Snow Mountain National Park by 2010
To abate fuelwood collection threat to mid-montane coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forestand sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest by reducing fuelwood use within priority biologically significant areas of the Project Area by 75% by 2015.
To abate NTP collection threat, conservation of Tibetan medicinal plant, and ensure sustainable use of more than 5 critical species of Tibetan medicinal plants aross the Project Area by 2015
To address current and future housing construction timber threat, by 2015 (1) reduce use of old-growth tree (DBH >60cm) by at least 70%; (2) establish sustainable timber logging pattern across the Meili landscape
To better inform our conservation planning and focused strategy development, particularly to better inform the following long-term vision goals

Targets

Focal Conservation Target	Target Type	Habitat Type
Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: Includes normal mixed forest and Pseudotseuga forestii forest types. Focus is on old-growth, primary forest. Mostly distributed 2600-2900 m elevation. Major nested target distributed in: Magnolia: 2600- 3000 m , from Badong to Cizhong; Paeonia delavayi Franch. var. lutea: 2900-3300 m, from Yubong and Sinong to territory of Weixi county, distributed in Yunling township. Taxus: 2800-3300 richly distributed in this elevation (Fang) or 2600-2900 m (Yunnan University Vegetation Report) REASONS FOR SELECTION:1) Plant species diversity is richest in this vegetation type . Multiple canopy layers: upper story, middle story, and understory; 2) Identified as a priority conservation target during ecoregional planning in NW Yunnan for it relatively small distribution area, past loss and degradation, vulnerability to ongoing degradation, and its rich species composition; 3) Many rare and endangered, and medicinal valuable species in this vegetation type. Some of these species have very limited distributions; 4) Mixture of Pseudotsuga forestii with Picea and Abies is a very special vegetation type, found mostly in this Meili area; 5).Nested targets include: pheasants (primary habitat), Tsuga dumosa, Paeonia de lavayi Franch var. lutea, Tetracetron sinense, Magnolia campbelii, Taxus yunnanensis (1st class state protected), Picea brachytyla, Pseudotsuga forestii (State Class II), Abies enestii var. saluense, and orchids (>50 species in area, all state-protected, most occur in mixed forest). Most of the Magnolia plants grow in mixed forest.	Ecological System	Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest :: Temperate
Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: Distributed mostly between 2600-3300 m elevation. This type is special in NW Yunnan, SW Sichuan and SE Xizang within Langcang Jiang and Jisha jiang watershed. There are two main communities under this formation; dominant species are Quercus aquifolioides and Quercus pannosa. REASONS FOR SELECTION: 1) Unique and limited in distribution to this "greater" Northwest Yunnan region (also SE Tibet, Southern Sichuan); in fact, Quercus pannosa is endemic to Heng Duan Mountain Range; 2) Provides important food source for pheasants (another nested conservation target). Northwestern Yunnan is the center of diversity of several important groups of terrestrial vertebrates, including the pheasant family; 3) Primary habitat for Matsutake, one of the most valuable and profitable mushrooms, though the relationship between condition of evergreen oak forests and matsutake production is unclear; 4) One of nested conservation targets in this community is Cypripedium spp. which has high aesthetic value.	Ecological System	Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub) (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: Includes alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub, generally occurring at elevations over 4,000 m in the Meili area. This does not include the subalpine meadows, which were determined to be more artificially created by human disturbance. REASONS FOR SELECTION: 1) Many rare, endangered species are distributed here such as Sorolepidium glaciale (Dryopteridaceae), Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Scrophulariaceae), caterpillar fungi and Saussurea obvalata; 2) High biodiversity of plant species, including ethnobotanical / medicinal use plants; 3) One of the most frail and sensitive vegetation types in this area due to the high elevation and limited growing season; 4) This system is also vulnerable to impacts because of high use (e.g., grazing and collection).	Ecological System	Freshwater Lakes :: Permanent Wetlands :: Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools Riparian Areas Rivers, Streams, Creeks :: Permanent Inland Rocky Areas Grassland :: Temperate Grassland :: Subarctic Shrubland :: Temperate Shrubland :: Subarctic
Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest) (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: This is a widespread vegetation type in this area. Picea (spruce) forest in Meili Snow Mountain area is typically found in a little wetter environment than the Abies (fir) forest. The distribution altitude of this vegetation type ranges from 2,600 to 3,800m. Primary species are Picea likiangensis and Abies georgei. REASONS FOR SELECTION: 1) Substantial examples of high-quality primary forest of this vegetation type in the Meili Project Area; 2) Provides important ecological function for water storage and soil retention (also an ecoregional target for ecological function, called "Natural Forests"); 3) Nested targets include Kingdonia uniflora (State-listed 2nd class-protected; medicinal use), Sorolepidium glaciale (State-listed 1st class-protected); Dryopteris sinofibrillosa, Rhododendron spp. (NW Yunnan is center for diversity of rhododendrons).	Ecological System	Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest :: Temperate
High-gradient Stream Systems (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: This includes both the riparian habitat and aquatic system that are tributary to the Lancang River, as well as the reach of the Lancang River that falls within the Project Area (needs additional ecological information to refine). The tributaries are high-gradient stream systems that are extremely dynamic and flashy, generally not allowing significant riparian development, so riverside forest is a special vegetation type in Meili Snow Mountain area. One of the largest is the Yongzhi stream and drainage. REASONS FOR SELECTION: 1) Considered special riparian vegetation type for the area; 2) Encompasses full ecological gradient (representation); 3) Potential future threat as streams will likely experience high impact from increased use/development in the area (e.g., poor infrastructure development via roads or tourism).	Ecological System	Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Dry Forest :: Temperate Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Rivers, Streams, Creeks :: Permanent Riparian Areas
Ungulates (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: more than 10 species of ungulates are reported from the area, including three species of musk deer, three muntjac deer, blue (mountain) sheep, an elk-like animal called a water deer, and a couple of goat-like ungulates called serow and goral. Almost all are classified endangered species in China; they are also the main prey of big cats. REASONS FOR SELECTION: 1) Covers connections between habitat types. Especially occur in mixed forest, but also cross up to alpine mosaic in summer and down to riverside habitat in winter; 2) High diversity of ungulates, some of which are pretty unique and rare in this region; 3) Special threats (e.g., wolf increase) not encompassed within habitat analysis.	Single Species: Mammal	Forest :: Temperate Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Dry Forest :: Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Shrubland :: Temperate Grassland :: Temperate Grassland :: Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded Lowland Grassland :: Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude Rivers, Streams, Creeks :: Permanent Wetlands :: Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools Freshwater Lakes :: Permanent
Low Latitue Glaciers (more info) Description: DEFINITION & DESCRIPTION: There are four big glaciers in Meili Snow Mountain, named Mingyong, Sinong, Niuba and Nongsong glaciers. They are low latitude, low temperature(-5º), low elevation(2700m) rare modern glaciers.	Ecological System	Inland Rocky Areas Continental Ice or Glaciers

Threats

Threat (Common Taxonomy) ^*	Targets Threatened
Fuelwood collection (Biological Resource Use :: Gathering Terrestrial Plants )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest) High-gradient Stream Systems
Unplaned tourism and recreaction areas (Residential & Commercial Development :: Tourism & Recreation Areas )	Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub) Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest) High-gradient Stream Systems Ungulates Low Latitue Glaciers
Construction timber collection (Biological Resource Use :: Logging & Wood Harvesting )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
Farming activities (Human Intrusions & Disturbance :: Work & Other Activities )	Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests High-gradient Stream Systems Ungulates
NTP collection (Biological Resource Use :: Gathering Terrestrial Plants )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub) Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest) Ungulates
Excessive ranging (Agriculture & Aquaculture :: Livestock Farming & Ranching )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub) Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
Global warming (Climate Change & Severe Weather :: Temperature Extremes )	Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub) Low Latitue Glaciers
Subsistence/illegal timber collection (Biological Resource Use :: Logging & Wood Harvesting )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
Forest fire (Natural System Modifications :: Fire & Fire Suppression )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
Poaching (Biological Resource Use :: Hunting & Collecting Terrestrial Animals )	Ungulates
Road construction (Transportation & Service Corridors :: Roads & Railroads )	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests High-gradient Stream Systems Ungulates
Mining practices (Energy Production & Mining :: Mining & Quarrying )	High-gradient Stream Systems

^* For information on the common taxonomy of threats, see http://conservationmeasures.org/CMP/IUCN/.

Strategies

Strategy (Common Taxonomy)	Threats Addressed
Alternative building construction materials/architecture ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Substitution )	-
Alternative energy: Support adoption of appropriate alternative energy sources such as biogas, solar, microhydropower that reduce use of wood gathered from priority forest habitats. ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
Assist establishment of Tibetan Medicinal Association ( External Capacity Building :: Alliance & Partnership Development )	-
Based on ongoing 'green' building construction project in other parts of north west Yunnan, promote an approach which maintains the traditional merits of Tibetan houses while reducing the need of wood ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Substitution )	-
Capacity of site management strengthened ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	-
Encouraging cultivation of cash tree such as walnut along the riverside by supplying free seedlings to local people ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
Environmental education: as part of this strategy, improve education of key decision-makers to incorporate scientific principles and knowledge of impacts into their decision(may include carefully targeted study tours) ( Education & Awareness :: Training )	-
Establish and implement watershed management regulations both for local people and tourists ( Law & Policy :: Policies & Regulations )	-
Faciliate legislation for new conservation approach ( External Capacity Building :: Institutional & Civil Society Development )	-
Help local communities to get new energy sources such as solar and marsh gas ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
Help local people to cultivate Alnus nepalensis tree as the manure sources ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Substitution )	-
Institutional influence: working closely with Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau to guide Grazing-to-Grassland Program through surveys and research to help determine priority areas and suitable methods of grazing ( External Capacity Building :: Institutional & Civil Society Development )	-
Key ecological linkages to Gaoligongshan, Bai Ma Xueshan Nature Reserve and Xiao Chandu Golden Monkey reserves protected for critical species and natural communities ( Land/Water Protection :: Resource & Habitat Protection )	-
Local communities actively engaged in conservation ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	-
Monitoring water quality periodically ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	-
Natural population dynamics of ungulates is established (i.e., populations of wolves reduced to natural levels) ( Species Management :: Species Management )	-
Natural water resources(including springs and streams) are largely free-flowing rivers(no major dams and minimal diversions/altered hydrology) in the Meili Conservation Area, with adequate water quality to sustain native aquatic communities. ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	-
NTP Sustainable Use Parternerships: Working with the Shangri-la Alpine Botanical Garden and Kunming Institute of Botany, design and implement sustainable use guidelines and strategy for most significant species ( External Capacity Building :: Alliance & Partnership Development )	-
Orgnizational structure established and functioned ( External Capacity Building :: Institutional & Civil Society Development )	-
Protected Areas Management Capacity Building: assist development of capacity for protected area management of relevat natural resource management agencies ( External Capacity Building :: Institutional & Civil Society Development )	-
Reduce riparian forest cutting through establishing community resource management system ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	-
Reduce utilization of chemicals and pestcides in farmland in a rational level ( Land/Water Management :: Site/Area Management )	-
Select expert farmer to cultivate identified medicinal plants ( External Capacity Building :: Alliance & Partnership Development )	-
Support the transfer of Tibetan traditional knowledge on important medicinal plants, the exposure is aimed to highlight the importance of conserving traditional medicinal plants for people now and for future generations ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	-
The ex-situ and in-situ conservation actions of Tibetan medicinal plant will include developing local regulations to restrict collections, training, and conserving selected rare and endangerd medicinal plants through in-situ conservation. ( Law & Policy :: Policies & Regulations )	-
Training workshops on traditional techniques ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	-
Working closely with key partners, further explore potential for an integrated fuelwood-use reduction strategy that may include increased efficiency of fuelwood cutting, better management of fuelwood forests, domestic "plantations". ( Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives :: Linked Enterprises & Livelihood Alternatives )	-
Working with Deqin Tibetan Medicinal Association to do in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Tibetan medicinal plants ( Species Management :: Species Management )	-
Working with local communities to formulate regulation to control fuelwood and timber collection from this forest. ( Law & Policy :: Policies & Regulations )	-
Working with Tibetan temples to demonstrate religious worship of Tibetan buddhism, especially associated with the sacred mountain of Kawagebo, includes respect and protection of plants and animals. ( Education & Awareness :: Awareness & Communications )	-

Viability Summary

Conservation Targets		Landscape Context		Condition		Size		Viability Rank
Conservation Targets		Grade	Weight	Grade	Weight	Grade	Weight	Viability Rank
1	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests	Fair	1.0	Fair	1.0	-	1.0	Fair
2	Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests	Poor	1.0	Poor	1.0	-	1.0	Poor
3	Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Fair	1.0	Good	1.0	-	1.0	Good
4	Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)	Good	1.0	Good	1.0	-	1.0	Good
5	High-gradient Stream Systems	Good	1.0	Fair	1.0	-	1.0	Good
6	Ungulates	Good	1.0	Fair	1.0	Fair	1.0	Fair
7	Low Latitue Glaciers	Poor	1.0	-	1.0	-	1.0	Poor
Project Biodiversity Health Rank								Fair

Threat Summary

Project-specific Threats (Common Taxonomy *)	Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)	High-gradient Stream Systems	Low Latitue Glaciers	Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests	Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests	Ungulates	Overall Threat Rank
Fuelwood collection (Gathering Terrestrial Plants)	-	Very High	High	-	Very High	High	-	Very High
Unplaned tourism and recreaction areas (Tourism & Recreation Areas)	High	Medium	High	Very High	-	-	Medium	High
Construction timber collection (Logging & Wood Harvesting)	-	Very High	-	-	High	High	-	High
Farming activities (Work & Other Activities)	-	-	High	-	Very High	-	High	High
NTP collection (Gathering Terrestrial Plants)	Very High	High	-	-	Medium	Medium	Medium	High
Excessive ranging (Livestock Farming & Ranching)	Very High	Medium	-	-	Medium	High	-	High
Global warming (Temperature Extremes)	High	-	-	Very High	-	-	-	High
Subsistence/illegal timber collection (Logging & Wood Harvesting)	-	Very High	-	-	-	Medium	-	High
Forest fire (Fire & Fire Suppression)	-	High	-	-	High	High	-	High
Poaching (Hunting & Collecting Terrestrial Animals)	-	-	-	-	-	-	Very High	High
Road construction (Roads & Railroads)	-	-	High	-	-	High	Medium	High
Mining practices (Mining & Quarrying)	-	-	High	-	-	-	-	Medium
Threat Status for Targets and Project	Very High	Very High	High	Very High	Very High	High	High	Very High

Project Resources

Categories & Measures		Score
People
	Staff Leadership	Medium
	Multidisciplinary Team	Low
People Average		Low
Internal Resources
	Institutional Learning	Medium
	Funding	Low
Internal Resources Average		Low
External Resources
	Social/Legal Framework for Conservation	High
	Community and Constituency Support	Medium
External Resources Average		Medium
Overall Project Resource Rank		Low

Assessment of Target Viability

Conservation Target	Key Attribute (Category)	Indicator	Current Indicator Measurement	Rating Comments: (Poor, Fair Good Very Good)	Current Rating and Date	Desired Rating and Date
Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests	Age structure of the dominant tree species (Condition)	Percentage of each age group for each of 2-5 dominat tree species	Fair	Poor: <5% Fair: 5-30% Good: 30-50 Very Good: >50%	Fair Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2030
Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests	Fragmentation of habitat (Landscape Context)	Percentage of the total area linked with a functional linkage	Fair	Poor: <5% Fair: 5-30% Good: 30-50% Very Good: >50%	Fair ¹ Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2030
Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests	high of dominant tree species (Condition)	Percentage of dominant tree species higher than 6 m	Poor	Poor: <10% Fair: 10-30% Good: 30-50% Very Good: >50%	Poor Dec 15, 2007	Fair Dec 15, 2030
Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests	Fragmentation of habitat (Landscape Context)	Percentage of the total area linked with a functional linkage	Poor	Poor: <5% Fair: 5-30% Good: 30-50% Very Good: >50%	Poor Dec 15, 2007	Fair Dec 15, 2030
Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Component (Condition)	Percentage of scrub encroachment into meadow	Fair	Poor: >40% Fair: 20-40% Good: 5-20% Very Good: <5%	Fair Dec 15, 2007	- Dec 15, 2018
Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Component (Condition)	Percentage of tree encroachment into scrub	Good	Poor: >10% Fair: 5-10% Good: 1-5% Very Good: <1%	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2018
Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Species composition / dominance (Condition)	Percentage of monocotyledon in meadow	Good	Poor: <50% Fair: 50-80% Good: 80-90% Very Good: >90%	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Jan 15, 2010
Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)	Fire regime - (timing, frequency, intensity, extent) (Landscape Context)	Years between fire practice	Fair	Poor: >10ys Fair: 5-10ys Good: 4-5ys Very Good: 3ys	Fair Dec 15, 2007	- Dec 15, 2018
Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)	Percentage/abundance of keystone species (Condition)	Percentage of big tree (DBH=80cm)	Good	Poor: >80% Fair: 50-80% Good: 30-50% Very Good: 20-30%	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2030
Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)	Fragmentation of habitat (Landscape Context)	Percentage of the total area linked with a functional linkage	Good	Poor: <10% Fair: 10-30% Good: 30-50% Very Good: >50%	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2030
High-gradient Stream Systems	Presence / abundance of keystone species (Condition)	Endemic/native fish	Good	Poor: - Fair: Rare Good: Many Very Good: Plenty	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2018
High-gradient Stream Systems	Water quality (Condition)	National drinking water standard	Fair	Poor: >V Fair: III-IV Good: II Very Good: I	Fair Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2015
High-gradient Stream Systems	Water level fluctuations (Landscape Context)	water runoff in dry season	Good	Poor: No water Fair: <0.1m/s Good: 0.1-0.2m/s Very Good: >0.2m/s	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2018
Ungulates	Age structure of Ungulates (Condition)	Percentage of the newly born baby in each of the Ungulate troops	Fair	Poor: <5% Fair: 5-10% Good: 10-15% Very Good: >15%	Fair Dec 15, 2007	- Dec 15, 2018
Ungulates	Habitat intactness (Landscape Context)	Percentage of total suitable habitat that is used by the Ungulates	Good	Poor: <10% Fair: 10-30% Good: 30-60% Very Good: >60%	Good Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2018
Ungulates	Population size & dynamics (Size)	Numbers of individuals in different Ungulate troops	Fair	Poor: <5 Fair: 5-10 Good: 10-15 Very Good: >15	Fair Dec 15, 2007	Good Dec 15, 2018
Low Latitue Glaciers	Retreating (Landscape Context)	Retreating distance of glaciers tongue	Poor	Poor: >50m Fair: 20-30m Good: 0-20m Very Good: 0m	Poor Dec 15, 2007	Fair Dec 15, 2015

COMMENTS:

¹ Confidence of the current rating: Medium

Objectives, Strategic Actions and Action Steps

Show all:
Strategic Action Measures
Action Steps Measures
Comments

Objective: Before 2010, manure and fuelwood collection from slerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest reduce 60%.

Strategic Action: Working with local communities to formulate regulation to control fuelwood and timber collection from this forest.
Strategic Action: Help local communities to get new energy sources such as solar and marsh gas
Strategic Action: Help local people to cultivate Alnus nepalensis tree as the manure sources

Objective: By 2015, 5 species of Tibetan medicinal plants sustainably cultivated and distributed by Hongpo village

Strategic Action: Assist establishment of Tibetan Medicinal Association
Strategic Action: Training workshops on traditional techniques
Strategic Action: Select expert farmer to cultivate identified medicinal plants

Objective: Co-management incorporates indigenous/traditional knowledge for protection of conservation targets by 2015.

Strategic Action: Working with Tibetan temples to demonstrate religious worship of Tibetan buddhism, especially associated with the sacred mountain of Kawagebo, includes respect and protection of plants and animals.
Strategic Action: Working with Deqin Tibetan Medicinal Association to do in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Tibetan medicinal plants

Objective: Integrity and biodiversity of key alpine meadow/mosaic areas are maintained with sustanable, compatible pastoral practices by local people by 2010.

Strategic Action: Institutional influence: working closely with Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau to guide Grazing-to-Grassland Program through surveys and research to help determine priority areas and suitable methods of grazing
Strategic Action: Environmental education: as part of this strategy, improve education of key decision-makers to incorporate scientific principles and knowledge of impacts into their decision(may include carefully targeted study tours)
Strategic Action: Protected Areas Management Capacity Building: assist development of capacity for protected area management of relevat natural resource management agencies

Objective: Keep and improve water level and quality of rivers in National park in fifteen years

Strategic Action: Reduce riparian forest cutting through establishing community resource management system
Strategic Action: Encouraging cultivation of cash tree such as walnut along the riverside by supplying free seedlings to local people
Strategic Action: Monitoring water quality periodically
Strategic Action: Reduce utilization of chemicals and pestcides in farmland in a rational level
Strategic Action: Establish and implement watershed management regulations both for local people and tourists
Strategic Action: Natural water resources(including springs and streams) are largely free-flowing rivers(no major dams and minimal diversions/altered hydrology) in the Meili Conservation Area, with adequate water quality to sustain native aquatic communities.

Objective: To abate critical threat of uplaned and unmanaged touris development in Meili area, ensure establishment of Meili Snow Mountain National Park by 2010

Strategic Action: Faciliate legislation for new conservation approach
Strategic Action: Orgnizational structure established and functioned
Strategic Action: Capacity of site management strengthened
Strategic Action: Local communities actively engaged in conservation

Objective: To abate fuelwood collection threat to mid-montane coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forestand sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest by reducing fuelwood use within priority biologically significant areas of the Project Area by 75% by 2015.

Strategic Action: Alternative energy: Support adoption of appropriate alternative energy sources such as biogas, solar, microhydropower that reduce use of wood gathered from priority forest habitats.
Strategic Action: Working closely with key partners, further explore potential for an integrated fuelwood-use reduction strategy that may include increased efficiency of fuelwood cutting, better management of fuelwood forests, domestic "plantations".

Objective: To abate NTP collection threat, conservation of Tibetan medicinal plant, and ensure sustainable use of more than 5 critical species of Tibetan medicinal plants aross the Project Area by 2015

Strategic Action: The ex-situ and in-situ conservation actions of Tibetan medicinal plant will include developing local regulations to restrict collections, training, and conserving selected rare and endangerd medicinal plants through in-situ conservation.
Strategic Action: Support the transfer of Tibetan traditional knowledge on important medicinal plants, the exposure is aimed to highlight the importance of conserving traditional medicinal plants for people now and for future generations
Strategic Action: NTP Sustainable Use Parternerships: Working with the Shangri-la Alpine Botanical Garden and Kunming Institute of Botany, design and implement sustainable use guidelines and strategy for most significant species

Objective: To address current and future housing construction timber threat, by 2015 (1) reduce use of old-growth tree (DBH >60cm) by at least 70%; (2) establish sustainable timber logging pattern across the Meili landscape

Strategic Action: Alternative building construction materials/architecture
Strategic Action: Based on ongoing 'green' building construction project in other parts of north west Yunnan, promote an approach which maintains the traditional merits of Tibetan houses while reducing the need of wood

Objective: To better inform our conservation planning and focused strategy development, particularly to better inform the following long-term vision goals

Strategic Action: Natural population dynamics of ungulates is established (i.e., populations of wolves reduced to natural levels)
Strategic Action: Key ecological linkages to Gaoligongshan, Bai Ma Xueshan Nature Reserve and Xiao Chandu Golden Monkey reserves protected for critical species and natural communities

Strategy Effectiveness

Show all:
Comments
Objective Measures
Indicator Methods
Indicator Measures
Progress Reports

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: Before 2010, manure and fuelwood collection from slerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest reduce 60%.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: By 2015, 5 species of Tibetan medicinal plants sustainably cultivated and distributed by Hongpo village

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: Co-management incorporates indigenous/traditional knowledge for protection of conservation targets by 2015.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: Integrity and biodiversity of key alpine meadow/mosaic areas are maintained with sustanable, compatible pastoral practices by local people by 2010.

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: Keep and improve water level and quality of rivers in National park in fifteen years

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: To abate critical threat of uplaned and unmanaged touris development in Meili area, ensure establishment of Meili Snow Mountain National Park by 2010

Percent Complete: 0%

Objective: To better inform our conservation planning and focused strategy development, particularly to better inform the following long-term vision goals

All Monitoring Indicators

Show all:
Methods
Measurement Report
Progress Reports
Objectives
Target KEA Refs
Target Threat Refs
Other Refs

Indicator: Endemic/native fish
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

High-gradient Stream Systems
- Condition: Presence / abundance of keystone species

Indicator: National drinking water standard
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

High-gradient Stream Systems
- Condition: Water quality

Indicator: Numbers of individuals in different Ungulate troops
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Ungulates
- Size: Population size & dynamics

Indicator: Percentage of big tree (DBH=80cm)
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
- Condition: Percentage/abundance of keystone species

Indicator: Percentage of dominant tree species higher than 6 m
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Poor	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests
- Condition: high of dominant tree species

Indicator: Percentage of each age group for each of 2-5 dominat tree species
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests
- Condition: Age structure of the dominant tree species

Indicator: Percentage of monocotyledon in meadow
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)
- Condition: Species composition / dominance

Indicator: Percentage of scrub encroachment into meadow
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)
- Condition: Component

Indicator: Percentage of the newly born baby in each of the Ungulate troops
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Ungulates
- Condition: Age structure of Ungulates

Indicator: Percentage of the total area linked with a functional linkage
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Comments
Target: Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests, Category: Landscape Context, KEA: Fragmentation of habitat
Fair	Dec 15, 2007	Confidence of the current rating: Medium
Target: Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest), Category: Landscape Context, KEA: Fragmentation of habitat
Good	Dec 15, 2007
Target: Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests, Category: Landscape Context, KEA: Fragmentation of habitat
Poor	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Cold-temperate coniferous forest( spruce-fir forest)
- Landscape Context: Fragmentation of habitat
Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests
- Landscape Context: Fragmentation of habitat
Temperate coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests
- Landscape Context: Fragmentation of habitat

Indicator: Percentage of total suitable habitat that is used by the Ungulates
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Ungulates
- Landscape Context: Habitat intactness

Indicator: Percentage of tree encroachment into scrub
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)
- Condition: Component

Indicator: Retreating distance of glaciers tongue
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Poor	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Low Latitue Glaciers
- Landscape Context: Retreating

Indicator: water runoff in dry season
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Good	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

High-gradient Stream Systems
- Landscape Context: Water level fluctuations

Indicator: Years between fire practice
(measurement report) (target kea refs)

Measurement Report:

Measure	Date	Source	Trend	Comments
Fair	Dec 15, 2007

Key Attribute

Alpine Mosaic (alpine meadow, alpine screes, and alpine-subalpine shrub/alpine-rhododendron shrub)
- Landscape Context: Fire regime - (timing, frequency, intensity, extent)

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Meili Snow Mountain National Park (ID: 656)

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